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Lesson 3: Crew Resource Management

Lesson 3: Crew Resource Management. Prof. H. Paul Shuch, Ph.D., CFII LSRM-A/GL/WSC/PPC, iRMT Heavy Chief Flight Instructor, Director of Maintenance AvSport of Lock Haven FAA Safety Team Lead Representative Piper Memorial Airport, Lock Haven PA. Establish clear crew communications

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Lesson 3: Crew Resource Management

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  1. Lesson 3:Crew Resource Management Prof. H. Paul Shuch, Ph.D., CFII LSRM-A/GL/WSC/PPC, iRMT Heavy Chief Flight Instructor, Director of Maintenance AvSport of Lock Haven FAA Safety Team Lead Representative Piper Memorial Airport, Lock Haven PA

  2. Establish clear crew communications Practice positive transfer of control Utilize all human and machine resources Question your own actions and those of crewmates Offer and accept constructive criticism Develop a culture of cooperation OBJECTIVES:Upon successful completion of this lesson, you will:

  3. CRM in literature

  4. CRM in cinema

  5. Who was Pilot In Command in Airplane! ?

  6. USAir Flight 1549

  7. Air Traffic Control Tapes http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mLFTzR5u84

  8. Air Traffic Control Tapes “Looks like I picked the wrong week to quit drinking.”

  9. Cockpit Voice Recorder 15:21:27 HOT-1 your brakes, your aircraft.15:21:30 HOT-2 my aircraft.15:25:10 HOT-1 TOGA set.15:25:20 HOT-1 eighty.15:25:21 HOT-2 checked.15:25:33 HOT-1 V one, rotate.15:25:38 HOT-1 positive rate.15:25:39 HOT-2 gear up please.15:25:39 HOT-1 gear up.15:25:49 HOT-2 heading select please.15:26:07 HOT-1 fifteen.15:26:08 HOT-2 fifteen. climb.15:26:10 HOT-1 climb set.15:26:16 HOT-2 and flaps one please.15:26:17 HOT-1 flaps one.15:26:37 HOT-1 uh what a view of the Hudson today.15:26:42 HOT-2 yeah.15:26:52 HOT-2 flaps up please, after takeoff checklist.15:26:54 HOT-1 flaps up.15:27:07 HOT-1 after takeoff checklist complete.

  10. Cockpit Voice Recorder 15:27:10.4 HOT-1 birds.15:27:11 HOT-2 whoa.15:27:12 HOT-2 oh shit15:27:13 HOT-1 oh yeah.15:27:14 HOT-2 uh oh.15:27:15 HOT-1 we got one rol- both of 'em rolling back.15:27:18.5 HOT-1 ignition, start.15:27:21.3 HOT-1 I'm starting the APU.15:27:23.2 HOT-1 my aircraft.15:27:24 HOT-2 your aircraft.15:27:28 HOT-1 get the QRH... loss of thrust on both engines.15:27:50 HOT-2 if fuel remaining, engine mode selector, ignition.* ignition.15:27:54 HOT-1 ignition.15:27:55 HOT-2 thrust levers confirm idle.15:27:58 HOT-1 idle.15:28:02 HOT-2 airspeed optimum relight. three hundred knots. we don't have that.15:28:05 HOT-1 we don't.15:28:14 HOT-2 emergency electrical power... emergency generator not online.15:28:19 HOT-1 (it's/is) online.15:28:21 HOT-2 ATC notify. squawk seventy seven hundred.

  11. Cockpit Voice Recorder 15:27:10.4 HOT-1 birds.15:27:11 HOT-2 whoa.15:27:12 HOT-2 oh shit15:27:13 HOT-1 oh yeah.15:27:14 HOT-2 uh oh.15:27:15 HOT-1 we got one rol- both of 'em rolling back.15:27:18.5 HOT-1 ignition, start.15:27:21.3 HOT-1 I'm starting the APU.15:27:23.2 HOT-1 my aircraft.15:27:24 HOT-2 your aircraft.15:27:28 HOT-1 get the QRH... loss of thrust on both engines.15:27:50 HOT-2 if fuel remaining, engine mode selector, ignition.* ignition.15:27:54 HOT-1 ignition.15:27:55 HOT-2 thrust levers confirm idle.15:27:58 HOT-1 idle.15:28:02 HOT-2 airspeed optimum relight. three hundred knots. we don't have that.15:28:05 HOT-1 we don't.15:28:14 HOT-2 emergency electrical power... emergency generator not online.15:28:19 HOT-1 (it's/is) online.15:28:21 HOT-2 ATC notify. squawk seventy seven hundred.

  12. Cockpit Voice Recorder 15:28:25 HOT-1 yeah. the left one's coming back up a little bit.15:28:30 HOT-2 distress message, transmit. we did.15:28:37 HOT-2 (he wants us) to come in and land on one three...for whatever.15:28:45 HOT-2 FAC [Flight Augmentation Computer] one off, then on.15:29:00 HOT-2 no relight after thirty seconds, engine master one and two confirm-15:29:07 HOT-2 -off.15:29:07 HOT-1 off.15:29:10 HOT-2 wait thirty seconds.15:29:16 HOT-2 engine master two, back on.15:29:18 HOT-1 back on.15:29:19 HOT-2 on.15:29:26 HOT-1 go ahead, try number one.15:29:36 HOT-2 I put it back on.15:29:37 HOT-1 ok put it back on... put it back on.15:29:44 HOT-2 no relight.

  13. Cockpit Voice Recorder 15:29:45.4 HOT-1 ok lets go put the flaps out, put the flaps out.15:29:48 HOT-2 flaps out?15:30:01 HOT-2 got flaps out.15:30:03 HOT-2 two hundred fifty feet in the air.15:30:11 HOT-1 try the other one.15:30:16 HOT-2 hundred and fifty knots.15:30:17 HOT-2 got flaps two, you want more?15:30:19 HOT-1 no lets stay at two.15:30:21 HOT-1 got any ideas? 15:30:23 HOT-2 actually not.15:30:38 HOT-1 we're gonna brace.15:30:38 HOT-2 * * switch?15:30:40 HOT-1 yes.15:30:43.7 [End of Recording]

  14. Asiana Airlines Flight 214

  15. Air Traffic Control Tapes http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q5oCnZbNPtY

  16. Air Traffic Control Tapes “Looks like I picked the wrong week to quit sniffing glue.”

  17. Cockpit Voice Recorder 11:25:50.3 CAM-? (down flaps five). 11:25:56.0 RDO-1 ah tower good morning Asiana two one four final seven miles south two eight left. 11:26:01.1 HOT-2 flaps (twenty). 11:26:02.2 CAM-1 flaps five ahh. 11:26:04.9 CAM-1 flaps twenty. 11:26:05.9 CAM-2 yeah. 11:26:12.6 CAM-2 flaps thirty. 11:26:14.8 CAM-1 speed check flaps thirty (sir). 11:26:15.1 HOT-1 check. 11:26:21.2 HOT-1 {* * speed. speed one three seven.* * one thousand speed. speed one three seven.} 11:26:21.2 CAM-1 speed * *. 11:26:28.3 CAM-1 flaps thirty. 11:26:29.5 HOT-2 * sir *. 11:26:32.5 CAM-1 flight director. 11:26:34.0 CAM-2 check.

  18. Cockpit Voice Recorder 11:26:35.7 CAM-1 speed. 11:26:36.8 CAM-2 target speed one three seven. 11:26:40.4 CAM-2 flight director off. 11:26:41.3 CAM-1 okay. 11:26:43.4 CAM [sound of knock] 11:26:44.0 CAM-1 {it's high.} 11:26:52.2 CAM-1 one thousand. 11:26:54.2 CAM-2 check. 11:26:58.6 CAM-3 sink rate sir. 11:26:59.1 HOT-2 yes sir. 11:26:59.5 RDO-1 tower Asiana two one four short final. 11:27:05.1 CAM-3 sink rate sir. 11:27:06.1 HOT-1 cleared to land {?} 11:27:07.3 CAM-? {(sink rate.)} 11:27:07.5 TWR Asiana two one four heavy San Francisco tower runway two eight left cleared to land. 11:27:10.7 CAM * * * *.

  19. Cockpit Voice Recorder 11:27:10.8 RDO-2 cleared to land two eight left Asiana two one four. 11:27:14.3 CAM-1 okay. 11:27:15.5 CAM five hundred. [electronic voice] 11:27:16.6 HOT-2 landing checklist. 11:27:16.8 CAM minimums, minimums. [electronic voice] 11:27:17.5 CAM-1 landing checklist complete cleared to land. 11:27:19.8 HOT-1 on glide path sir. 11:27:21.2 CAM-2 check. 11:27:32.3 CAM two hundred. [electronic voice] 11:27:33.6 CAM-1 {it's low.} 11:27:34.8 CAM-2 yeah. 11:27:36.0 HOT-? * 11:27:38.2 CAM [sound similar to electronic seat adjustment] 11:27:39.3 CAM [sound of quadruple chime] 11:27:41.6 CAM one hundred. [electronic voice] 11:27:42.8 CAM-1 speed. 11:27:44.0 CAM-? speed * *.

  20. Cockpit Voice Recorder 11:27:45.8 CAM fifty. [electronic voice] 11:27:46.4 CAM [sound similar to stick shaker lasting for approximately 2.24 seconds] 11:27:46.6 CAM forty. [electronic voice] 11:27:47.3 CAM thirty. [electronic voice] 11:27:47.8 HOT-1 oh shit go around. 11:27:48.6 CAM twenty. [electronic voice] 11:27:49.5 HOT-2 go around. 11:27:49.6 CAM ten. [electronic voice] 11:27:50.3 HOT-? oh. 11:27:50.3 CAM [sound similar to impact] 11:27:51.9 HOT [sound similar to telephone dial tone] 11:27:54.3 CAM [sound of quadruple chime] 11:27:55.4 INT-? ah what's happening over there? 11:27:55.9 CAM [sound of quadruple chime] 11:27:57.8 CAM [sound of quadruple chime] 11:28:00.2 CAM {sound of quadruple chime] End of Transcript

  21. How does any of this relate to commercial sUAS operation?

  22. Like air carrier operation, operation of any small Unmanned Aerial System is a team effort. Team members may include: Remote Pilot in Command Person manipulating flight controls Visual Observer Communications Coordinator Payload Operator In the flight portion of this course, students will take turns performing these functions.

  23. Remote Pilot In Command Responsibilities Directly responsible for and final authority as to operation Must ensure sUAS poses no undue hazard Must ensure that operation complies with all regulations Must be able to assume control of aircraft Must have ability to direct sUAS to ensure compliance (ref: FAR Section 107.19)

  24. In Flight Emergencies, Hazardous Operation Remote PIC may deviate from any rule to meet emergency Upon request, Remote PIC must send written report of deviation No careless or reckless operation endangering life or property No objects dropped so as to create undue hazard No operations from a moving vehicle or aircraft Alcohol and drug restrictions apply (ref: FAR Sections 107.21, 107.23, 107.25, 107.27)

  25. Visual Observer Remote PIC, person manipulating flight controls, and visual observer must maintain effective communications Remote PIC must ensure that visual observer sees aircraft Remote PIC, person manipulating flight controls, and visual observer must coordinate to: Scan the airspace for potential collision hazard Maintain awareness of position of aircraft through direct visual observation (ref: FAR Section 107.33)

  26. Visual Line of Sight With vision unaided by anything but corrective lenses, Remote PIC, visual observer, and person manipulating flight controls must be able to see aircraft through entire flight, to: Know aircraft’s location, altitude, attitude, flight direction Observe airspace for traffic, other hazards Determine that aircraft does not endanger life, property Throughout entire flight, observation maintained by: Remote PIC and person manipulating controls; or A visual observer (ref: FAR Section 107.31)

  27. Communications Coordinator Not required by FARs, but… Operating near an airport or controlled airspace, somebody has to be talking to ATC and other aircraft It really shouldn’t be the same person who’s flying! Operating a radio while flying is too much like using a cellphone while driving

  28. Payload Operator Not required by FARs, but… If the mission involves photos, filming, remote sensing, etc., somebody has to operate the equipment. It really shouldn’t be the same person who’s flying! Taking pictures while flying is too much like texting while driving

  29. Crew Members help each other to avoid these hazardous attitudes: Antiauthority (don’t tell me!) Impulsivity (do something quickly!) Invulnerability (it can’t happen to me) Macho (of course I can do it!) Resignation (what’s the use?)

  30. Operate multiple small unmanned aircraft Carry hazardous material Operate near aircraft Operate over human beings Operate in certain airspace Operate in vicinity of airports Operate in prohibited, restricted areas (Reference: FAR Sections 107.35, 107.36, 107.37, 107.39, 107.41, 107.43, 107.45) Things You Can’t Do

  31. Groundspeed may not exceed 87 knots Altitude cannot exceed 400 feet AGL, unless Aircraft is flown within 400 feet of a structure; and Does not fly higher than 400 feet above structure Minimum flight visibility 3 statute miles Minimum cloud clearance requirements: 500 feet below cloud 2,000 feet horizontally from cloud (Reference: FAR Part 107.51) Operating Limitations

  32. One Hour Lunch Break

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