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PUBLIC EDUCATION

21 May 2008 ECON 4211 Bret Nicklay Robert Haight Eric Forney. PUBLIC EDUCATION. During today's class. History of Ed. 101 (Bret) ‏ Asking why? (Robert) ‏ Now what? (Eric) ‏. It all started when.

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PUBLIC EDUCATION

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  1. 21 May 2008 ECON 4211 Bret Nicklay Robert Haight Eric Forney PUBLIC EDUCATION

  2. During today's class... • History of Ed. 101 (Bret)‏ • Asking why? (Robert)‏ • Now what? (Eric)‏

  3. It all started when... • The first US public school was in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1643, the “Boston Latin School.” • This school was expressly designed to provide education to the children of the upper-middle classes and wealthy segments of society. Thus, graduates would be prepared for college and were expected to attain positions in the law, politics and business.

  4. History cont. • Connecticut and New Hampshire soon followed Massachusetts lead. • By the late 17th century, the first colleges were founded with William and Mary and Harvard.

  5. Aka “LL Ben Daddy” Who started it... • Thomas Jefferson was among the first Founding Fathers to suggest the idea of providing a free public education to all U.S. citizens. Jefferson was inspired by the ideals of John Locke and the supremacy of rational thought. • Benjamin Franklin

  6. State to State “free-for-all” • Public Education is left to the states in the US Constitution. • From the initial experiments with public education by the states until the 1840’s, the quality of public education varied significantly between states and even between localities and individual schools. • No standardized system of education existed across all the states, or within each individual state. • Funding of public schools was based solely at the local level and also varied significantly from locality to locality. • “Common School Movement”

  7. Free Public School • However, it was not until 1870 that public education was free in every state in the US. • Slowly thereafter, each state passed laws that required all children to attend (secular) public schools. However, these laws were criticized and resisted by most religious groups and those who home-schooled their children. • The “Morrill Act” • Higher Graduation Rates

  8. G.I. Bill • 1944 G.I. Bill (the Serviceman’s Readjustment Act) was passed and allowed free college education for all WW2 vets. The return on investment was large and has been estimated to be for each $1 spent on education under the GI Bill, $9- $10 was later added to the US economy.

  9. End of Segregation • It was not until Brown v. Board of Education in 1954 that public schools were desegregated. Brown overturned Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) and thus the dicta of “separate but equal” in public school education. Brown de-segregated public schools by holding that racial segregation in pubic schools were, in fact, unconstitutional.

  10. Now... • Under the U.S.’s Federalist system of government, public education was left up to each state to determine individual goals and curricula. This was the essence of (Supreme Court) Justice Brennan’s “laboratory of the states” which allowed individual states to tailor and experiment with educational systems that addressed each states unique problems and issues.

  11. Now...

  12. Ekon rox! Why we need Public Education • If the government doesn't help provide education, then what happens? • Increases in Inequality between poor and higher class • Overload to unskilled labor market • Burden to society

  13. But what about the social benefits? Several benefits we can look at: • Individual benefits • Better pay (Income mobility)‏ • Less hard labor • Ensures children receive appropriate level of education • Again, you don't have the IQ of a brick. • Thus you won't have to attend college at CSU.

  14. Prof. Rubinchik is Awesome! Social Benefits • 99% Literacy Rate • Larger amounts of people contributing positively to society (voting, tech, etc.)‏ • Increase in technology over the past century • Lower Inequality • Examine the ratios of income between top and bottom of the income distribution • Less Crime • Look at the amount of student spending in contrast to crime rates • Any More?

  15. Too many monopolies in Education • Public School crowds out private school • Private schoolers forgo entitlement • Moral Hazard

  16. Attempted Reforms • Vouchers • Less government control • Over specialization • Accreditation • Segregation • Natural Monopoly • No Child Left Behind • Results Oriented (teaching to the test)‏ • Misappropriations of resources

  17. Backwards Consumers • Inefficiency of Demand • Irrational and unwilling consumers • Negative utility vs. positive social welfare

  18. Charter Schools • Most effective new method for reform • Public Schools • Less bureaucracy • Increased Accountability • Greater flexibility

  19. That's all Folks... • Questions?

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