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Public Education Reform

Public Education Reform. By Griffin, Justin, Sasha, Olivia. Horace Mann. “Father of public education” Born in 1796, when school only consisted of brief periods of 8-10 weeks per year As secretary of the board of education, he established the first normal public school in Lexington in 1839

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Public Education Reform

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  1. Public Education Reform By Griffin, Justin, Sasha, Olivia

  2. Horace Mann • “Father of public education” • Born in 1796, when school only consisted of brief periods of 8-10 weeks per year • As secretary of the board of education, he established the first normal public school in Lexington in 1839 • Persuaded the MA legislature to establish a 6 month tuition free minimum school year in 1839 • Set up the first teacher institutions across MA

  3. Noah Webster • Received a masters degree from Yale University • Mastered 20 languages including Chaldean, Syriac, Hebrew, Arabic, Ethiopic, and Persian • Very passionate about grammar, spelling, and usage • Felt students needed an American textbook • Published the “Blue-Backed Speller” (“American Instructor”) - first english textbook • Called “The Forgotten Founding Father” as well as “The Father of American English”

  4. Emma Willard • Wrote a proposal to the members of the NY legislature proposing a greater education for women • The pamphlet was sent to some of the most important men in the country including President Monroe and Thomas Jefferson, who all approved the proposals • Opened the first serious girls institution in the country • As a teacher, she introduced subjects to her students such as mathematics that were not regularly taught to young women • Worried that her ideas would be rejected, she was sure to imply that women’s education should be equal to men’s • At first, the institution was only affordable to wealthy families, but by 1837, the schooling was more affordable to middle class families • Later, she wrote books, journals, and textbooks, using the proceeds to fund womens institutions in Europe

  5. Accomplishments: • Massachusetts had supported the first limited public education. • Interest in public education grew rapidly in the 19th century. • The states had a desire to expose students to stable social values as a way to resist instability. • Other states built new schools, created teachers colleges, and offered a vast new group of children access to education. • Public High Schools developed (Early 1800s) • First Private School for Blacks (1800s Beacon Hill) • First School of Law (1817) • Harvard founded in 1636

  6. Connection To Jacksonian Democracy: Jacksonian Democracy is giving people rights and freedoms. The public education reform allowed a larger variety of students from different economic classes to enter the public education system. The right to a free public education developed from this reform.

  7. Multiple Choice Question 1: What did the public education reform movement accomplish? A. Public schools began to multiply by this reform movement B. Schools were now open to the upper class only C. Schools were only available to male students D. School was only open for parts of the year

  8. Multiple Choice Question 2 Why was Horace Mann the main leader behind the movement? A. He attended public school B. His father was a well known politician C. He had the best intentions on getting every child the good education he did not have D. He was very well educated as a child, and wished the same for every other child

  9. Multiple Choice Question 3: How did public education improve during this movement? A. School became cheaper, but still had to pay B. States became more aware of the need for good public education in the states and made it more of a priority C. School was open more often but still bad supplies D. Public schools were only open for boys

  10. Bibliography "Biographies- Emma Hart Willard." The History of Women and Education. National Womens History Museum, 2007. Web. 10 Mar. 2014. <https://www.nwhm.org/online-exhibits/education/Biographies_Willard.htm>. Brinkley, Alan. American History- A Survey. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2003. Print. Cremin, Lawrence A. The Republic and the School: Horace Mann On the Education of Free Men. New York: Teachers College, 1957. Filler, Louis. Horace Mann on the Crisis in Education. Ohio: Antioch Press, 1965. Prepared by Pam Mason-King Danzer, Gerald A., Ph.D. The Americans. Illinois: McDougal Little Inc., 2000. Print. GROLIER, INC. CD-ROM. 1993. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF EDUCATION. vol. 8. U. S. Macmillan, pp. 543-546. Ornstein, Allan C. and Daniel U. Levine. FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION. 5ed. Boston: Houghton, 1993. p. 179. Prepared by Linda Ebersole Weidner "Noah Webster Biography." bio. True Story. A+E Networks, 2014. Web. 10 Mar. 2014. <http://www.biography.com/people/noah-webster-9526224>. "Women Working, Emma Hart Willard (1787-1870)." Harvard University Library Open Collections Program. The President and Fellows of Harvard College, 2014. Web. 10 Mar. 2014. <http://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/ww/emmawillard.html>.

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