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Respondent Conditioning

Respondent Conditioning. Week 7. Respondent Conditioning. Do not say Classical Conditioning - Eliciting not evoking behavior - Automatic Physiological responses not controlled free willed or operant responses. General. Pavlov: Russian Physiologist US  UR

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Respondent Conditioning

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  1. Respondent Conditioning Week 7

  2. Respondent Conditioning Do not say Classical Conditioning - Eliciting not evoking behavior - Automatic Physiological responses not controlled free willed or operant responses

  3. General • Pavlov: Russian Physiologist US  UR US + CS  CR CS  CR

  4. Examples Example 1: Salivating Dogs and Bells Example 2: Little Albert & White Rats Example 3: Chemo Therapy & Favorite foods Example 4: Mammalary Effusion: Leaking Breasts Example 5: Phobias Example 6: Bedwetting Example 7: Aversion Therapy

  5. Factors That influence Respondent Conditioning • Number of pairings • inter-stimulus interval: .5 sec • Continuous Pairing > Intermittent Pairing • Intense Stimuli (CS US)

  6. Respondent Extinction • Stop pairing the CS with the UCS Q. How is this different than escape extinction?

  7. Compound Stimulus • Two stimuli together is your CS • Generalized Conditioning • Second order conditioning, third order and so on • Generally it gets weaker and easier to extinguish • √ Difficult due to respondent extinction

  8. Drug Overdoses • Generally due to taking too much poison. • Novel environments play major role • Drugs not only produce a high, but also counter effects to reduce the high. • The drug, Room, Needle Prick • Thought? Coke Classic vs. Caffeine Free Coke

  9. Operant-Respondent Interactions • Emotions: Rewards and Punishers are associated with internal events • Thinking: Words are associated with senses

  10. Systematic Self-Desenstization • Construct a Fear Hierarchy (0-100; least to most fearful) - SUD : Subjective Unit of Discomfort • Deep Muscle Relaxation: • Implement Program

  11. Flooding • Putting person in fearful situation with positive outcome. • Not allowing the CS to be paired with UCS • Not recommended

  12. Punishment: Part 1 Week 7: Decreasing Behavior

  13. General Definitional Components • Immediate (Application or removal of stimulus) • Contingent – must follow behavior • Decreases behavior • SDp

  14. Type I Punishment: Stimulus Presentation(Positive Punishment) 1. Reprimand • Spanking • Response Blocking?? • Contingent Exercise • Overcorrection: Restitution & Positive Practice • Electric Stimulation Remember: If it does not decrease behavior it is not punishment.

  15. Example: Type I Punishment BeforeBehaviorAfter No aversive You engage in Aversive condition Condition target behavior presented.

  16. Example: Type I Punishment BeforeBehaviorAfter No burn on hand You touch hot stove Burn on hand

  17. Your Turn • Come up with an example of how your behavior has been punished (application style) and share with your peers.

  18. Type II Punishment: Stimulus Removal (Negative Punishment - Penalty) 1. Response Cost: Bonus, Use with R+ • Time-Out: Planned Ignoring, Time-Out Ribbon (Talk about restitution and positive practice with time out) Remember: It must decrease behavior or it is not punishment!

  19. Example: Type II punishment (Penalty) BeforeBehaviorAfter You have You do something You loose Something something

  20. Example: Type II Punishment (Penalty) BeforeBehaviorAfter You have $100 You get caught speeding you have no $100

  21. Your Turn • Come up with an example of how your behavior has been punished (Penalty style) and share with your peers.

  22. Major Pitfall Sick Social Cycle (Victim’s punishment Model) Before Behavior After Teacher Ask Student Student Cusses Needs a reader Student Student Asked No B%*$CH! Doesn’t to Read aloud Red aloud

  23. Unconditioned & Conditioned Punishers • Unconditioned: Any unlearned stimulus that decreases behavior • Pain, odor, taste, physical restraint, extreme muscular effort, light, sound, temprature • Conditioned: Any learned stimulus that decreases behavior

  24. Factors that Influence Punishment Effectiveness • Immediacy • Itnesity/Magnitude • Punishment Schedule • Reinforcement Schedule • DRA

  25. Possible Side Effects • Emotional & Aggressive Reactions • Escape and Avoidance • Behavioral Contrast • Undesirable Modeling • Negative Reinforcement of the Punishing Agent’s Behavior

  26. Guidelines For implementing Punishment • Target Behavior must be operationally defined • Choose an alternate response to reinforce • Minimize the causes of the undesirable response • Use an effective punisher: not paired with R+ and is available • Apply: Consistently and Immediately • Keep records and have someone else help you monitor! • State the Rules to the individual

  27. When should punishment be used? • The person’s behavior should be a danger to himself or others. • Use only after trying reinforcing procedures • Social Validity/Informed Consent • Reliability of Measurement: Helper/supervisor • Do not use punishment as a means to show superiority

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