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Chapter Four Section One

Explore how a cell is like a space station and how the cell membrane acts as a gatekeeper, selectively allowing certain materials to pass through. Learn about passive transport (diffusion and osmosis) and active transport (endocytosis and exocytosis), and understand why cells need water to function. Discover how small particles move across the cell membrane without using energy and how larger particles are transported using energy. Also, learn why cells need to be small and how they adapt to different environments.

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Chapter Four Section One

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  1. Chapter Four Section One Cell Transportation

  2. Think!! How is a cell like a space station?

  3. How is the cell membrane like a gatekeeper. 1. It is selectively permeable. Allows some things to pass through; not others

  4. 2. Materials can move in and out of a cell two ways. 2. Passive Transport –Diffusion -Osmosis Active Transport -Endocytosis -Exocytosis

  5. 3. What is Passive Transport? 3. Movement of materials through cell membrane WITHOUT using energy.

  6. 3. 3. Like bicycling downhill. Diffusion and Osmosis are forms of passive transport

  7. 4. What is Diffusion? 4. SMALL Molecules move from a crowded area to a less crowded area.

  8. Pencils Down!

  9. Dye diffuses from a crowded (concentrated area) to a less concentrated area. Ch 4 Fig 1.

  10. Ch 4 Figure 2 100 % water 60 % water

  11. 5. Why does diffusion happen? 5. Molecules always moving More Molecules  More Collisions  More Pushing Away from each other

  12. Small particles • Crowded to less crowded • NO energy required

  13. 6. How do single-celled organisms get oxygen inside? 6. More oxygen in water than inside cell. Ch 4 Fig. 3

  14. 7. What is Osmosis? 7. Diffusion of water across a cell membrane.

  15. 8. Why is osmosis important to cells? 8. Cells need water to function.

  16. Why can some fish live only in fresh water and some live only in saltwater? Think

  17. Different adaptations. Think

  18. 9. What is Active Transport? 9. Move materials through cell membrane usingenergy. From less crowded area to more crowded area.

  19. 9. What is Active Transport? 9. Like pedaling UP HILL!

  20. 10. How does active transport happen? 2 ways: 10. FOR SMALL PARTICLES: Transport proteins pick up a molecule and carry it across the membrane. Ch 4 Fig 3

  21. Small particles • Less crowded to more crowded • ENERGY required Chapter 4 Figure 3

  22. 10. How does active transport happen? 2 ways: 10. FOR LARGE PARTICLES: Endocytosis: membrane surrounds molecule and pinched off into vacuole. Ch 4 Fig 4

  23. Chapter 4 Figure 4

  24. 10. How does active transport happen? 2 ways: 10. FOR LARGE PARTICLES: Exocytosis: vesicle carries particles to cell membrane to release Ch 4 Fig 5

  25. 11. Why are cells so small? 11. If too large, it’s hard to move material in and out of the cell. It is too far from the membrane.

  26. Exit Slip • Create a simple Venn Diagram to compare active and passive transport.

  27. Exit Slip • A single-celled organism is transferred from a tank of fresh water into a tank of salt water. How will the cell change? Explain.

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