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SETTLEMENT OF EARLY AMERICA

SETTLEMENT OF EARLY AMERICA. SPAIN-SOUTHWEST/CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA FRANCE-MISSISSIPPI AND CANADA ENGLAND-ATLANTIC COAST. THREE COLONIAL REGIONS. NEW ENGLAND MIDDLE/MID-ATLANTIC SOUTHERN. THE THREE COLONIAL REGIONS.

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SETTLEMENT OF EARLY AMERICA

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  1. SETTLEMENT OF EARLY AMERICA • SPAIN-SOUTHWEST/CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA • FRANCE-MISSISSIPPI AND CANADA • ENGLAND-ATLANTIC COAST

  2. THREE COLONIAL REGIONS • NEW ENGLAND • MIDDLE/MID-ATLANTIC • SOUTHERN

  3. THE THREE COLONIAL REGIONS NEW ENLGAND- MASSACHUSETTS, NEW HAMPSHIRE, CONNECTICUT, AND RHODE ISLAND MIDDLE- NY, PENNSYLVANIA, NJ AND DELEWARE SOUTHERN- VIRGINIA, MARYLAND, NC, SC AND GEORGIA

  4. NEW ENGLAND COLONIES

  5. NEW ENGLAND COLONIESRELIGION • FOUNDED FOR RELIGIOUS REASONS (NOT FREEDOM OF RELIGION!) • PLYMOUTH ROCK AND MASSACHUSETTS BAY HAD NO RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE • THE PURITANS WANTED TO ESTABLISH A “CITY ON A HILL” (UTOPIA) THUS THEY EXILED DISSENTERS • ROGER WILLIAMS WAS BANISHED AND FOUNDED RHODE ISLAND • QUAKERS WERE PERSECUTED!

  6. NEW ENGLANDSOCIETY • EGALITARIAN SOCIETY/ RELIGIOUSEQUALITY • PROSPERITY LATER BROUGHT CLASS DISTINCTIONS • THE CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH (PURITANS) FOSTERED THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOWNS AND EDUCATION (SCHOOLS)

  7. POLITICS (IN GENERAL) • ALL OF THE COLONIES BROUGHT WITH THEM KNOWLEDGE FROM THE MOTHER COUNTRY (LANGUAGE AND CULTURE) AND THEIR EXPERIENCES WITH THE MAGNA CARTA AND PARLIAMENT • COLONIAL EXPERIENCE AND DISTANCE FOSTERED DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS!

  8. POLITICS (IN GENERAL) • THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR IN 1600 AND SALUTARY NEGLECT UNDERMINED THE KING’S AUTHORITY AND MADE THE COLONIAL ASSEMBLY MORE POWERFUL • BY 1750 MOST COLONIES WERE ROYAL • THE COLONIAL ASSEMBLIES HAD THE “POWER OF THE PURSE” OVER THE ROYAL GOVERNORS.

  9. POLITICS (IN GENERAL) • THE COLONIST WERE LOYAL TO THE KING BUT THOUGHT ONLY THEIR COLONIAL ASSEMBLY COULD TAX THEM BASED ON CONCEPTS FROM THE MAGNA CARTA • THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR, GLORIOUS REVOLUTION AND ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS INFLUENCED THE COLONIST PERCEPTIONS OF RIGHTS OF ENGLISHMEN!

  10. NEW ENGLAND COLONIESPOLITICS • GOVERNORS, COLONIAL ASSEMBLIES AND TOWN MEETINGS

  11. ECONOMICS (IN GENERAL) • THE ECONOMY WAS A RESULT OF LOCATION AND NATURAL RESOURCES WHICH GENERATED CAPITOL • THE COLONIES DEVELOPED A NETWORK OF COASTAL TRADE AND TRADE WITH THE BRITISH CARIBBEAN AS WELL AS AFRICA AND EUROPE

  12. NEW ENGLANDECONOMICS • SUBSISTANT FARMING • FOREST USED FOR SHIP BUILDING • MERCHANTS AND FISHERMAN • ROCKY SOIL AND SHORT GROWING SEASONS THUS FEW SLAVES • PORT CITIES BECAUSE RIVERS WERE SHALLOW

  13. TRIANGULAR TRADE-MADE THE NEW ENGLAND SLAVE TRADERS WEALTHY!

  14. MID-ATLANTIC COLONIES

  15. MID-ATLANTIC COLONIESRELIGION • THERE WAS MORE RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE AND DIVERSITY IN THE MIDDLE COLONIES • WILLIAM PENN AND THE QUAKERS FOUNDED PENNSYLVANIA • THEY BELIEVED PEOPLE HAD AN “INNER LIGHT” AND THUS TOLERATED OTHER RELIGIONS

  16. MID-ATLANTICSOCIETY • EGALITARIAN SOCIETY/ RELIGIOUS EQUALITY • PROSPERITY BROUGHT CLASS DISTINCTIONS

  17. MID-ATLANTIC COLONIESPOLITICS • GOVERNOR AND COLONIAL ASSEMBLY

  18. MID-ATLANTICECONOMICS • FERTILE SOIL/MODERATE CLIMATE • LARGE FAMILIES • EXPORTED FOOD PRODUCTS (NOT DEPENDENT ON SLAVE LABOR)

  19. MIDDLE/MID-ATLANTIC COLONIES(REVIEW) • RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE • FERTILE SOIL • DEEP RIVERS • AGRICULTURE/COMMERCE • LARGE FAMILIES • EXPORTED FOOD PRODUCTS • “AMERICA’S BREAD BASKET”/WHEAT • IMMIGRANTS • MOST DIVERSITY

  20. SOUTHERN COLONIES

  21. SOUTHERN COLONIESRELIGION • THEY WERE FOUNDED FOR ECONOMIC NOT RELIGIOUS REASONS • THE GREAT AWAKENING (RELIGIOUS REVIVAL) BROUGHT RELIGION TO THE SOUTH • THEY BELONGED TO THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND (ANGLICAN) • ACT OF TOLERATION IN MARYLAND PROTECTED THE RIGHTS OF CATHOLICS!

  22. SOUTHERN COLONIESSOCIETY • HIERARCHICAL SOCIAL STRUCTURE BECAUSE OF THE PLANTATION SYSTEM • INDENTURED SERVANTS AND THEN SLAVES • SLAVE SYSTEM CAME FROM BARBADOS TO THE CAROLINAS • THE PLANTATION SYSTEM IMPEDED THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOWNS AND SCHOOLS • GEORGIA (PENAL COLONY) OUTLAWED SLAVERY BUT LATER ALLOWED SLAVERY

  23. SOUTHERN COLONIESPOLITICS • THE SOUTH HAD LESS DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS BECAUSE OF THE COASTAL PLANTERS (PLANTER-ELITE CLASS) WHO HAD ALL THE POWER!

  24. SOUTHERN COLONIESECONOMICS • FERTILE SOIL/ CASH CROPS (STAPLE CROPS) • TOBACCO, RICE AND INDIGO • COTTON CAME AFTER THE COLOINIAL ERA WHEN THE COTTON GIN WAS INVENTED

  25. SOUTHERN COLONIES FERTILE SOIL/DEEP RIVERS FEW CITIES/CHARLESTON CASH CROPS/STAPLE CROPS- (TOBACCO, RICE & INDIGO) PLANTATIONS/SLAVERY STRICT CLASS SYSTEM PLANTER ELITE CLASS-RULED!

  26. *JAMESTOWN/1607SOUTHERN COLONY • 1STPERMANENT ENGLISH COLONY • FOUNDED ALONG THE JAMES RIVER • DIFFICULT TIMES • JOHN SMITH- FORCED SETTLERS TO FARM • JOHN ROLFE- INTODUCED TOBACCO AS A CASH CROP • POCOHONTAS- HELPED RELATIONS WITH INDIANS • *HOUSE OF BURGESSES- 1ST ELECTED REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENTAL BODY IN AMERICA (ONLY PROPERTY OWNERS COULD VOTE) • 1ST SLAVES CAME IN 1619

  27. HEADRIGHT SYSTEM • ATTEMPT TO REPOPULATE THE COLONY OF JAMESTOWN • IT GAVE 50 ACRES OF LAND PER HEAD TO THOSE THAT COULD PAY THEIR WAY TO AMERICA • RESULTED IN INDENTURED SERVITUDE

  28. *PLYMOUTH ROCK/1620NEW ENGLAND COLONY • SETTLED BY THE PILGRIMS • CELEBRATED THANKSGIVING • *MAYFLOWER COMPACT-1STWRITTEN GOVERNMENT IN AMERICA (GOV’T GETS ITS POWER FROM THE PEOPLE) • ESTABLISHED A REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT (TOWN MEETINGS)

  29. *MASSACHUSETTS BAY • SETTLED BY THE PURITANS (1628) • DID NOT TOLERATE OTHER RELIGIONS-DISSENTERS WERE BANISHED! • CHURCH WAS THE GOVERNMENT • COULD NOT TALK DIRECTLY TO GOD • SUNDAY WAS A DAY OF REST • SALEM WITCH TRIALS • PUBLIC EDUCATION • OTHER COLONIES CAME ABOUT WHEN PEOPLE WERE BANISHED

  30. RHODE ISLANDNEW ENGLAND COLONY • ROGER WILLIAMS AND ANNE HUTCHINSON • BOTH BANISHED FROM MASSACHUSETTS BAY

  31. *CAROLINA/1653SPLIT/1663SOUTHERN COLONIES • FOUNDED BY EIGHT PROPRIETORS • SPLIT BECAUSE OF GEOGRAPHY INTO NORTH AND SOUTH CAROLINA

  32. *PENNSYLVANIA/1682 MIDDLE COLONY • SETTLED BY THE QUAKERS • FREEDOM OF RELIGION/ RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE! • SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE • EQUALITY/ 1STABOLITIONIST

  33. *GEORGIASOUTHERN COLONY • BUFFER STATE (BETWEEN FLORIDA AND SC) • SOCIAL EXPERIMENT(PRISONERS, DEBTORS, AND ORPHANS) • PENAL COLONY

  34. BRITISH INFLUENCEON REPRESENTAIVE GOVERNMENT • GREEKS-DEMOCRACY • ROMANS-REPUBLIC • RENAISSANCE-“REBIRTH” OF IDEAS • MAGNA CARTA-RIGHTS OF ENGLISHMEN TO BE CONSULTED ON THE LEVYING OF TAXES AND THE RIGHT TO A JURY OF THEIR PEERS • RULE OF LAW-ALL MUST OBEY THE LAW (EVEN THE KING) • PARLIAMENT- BICAMERAL • ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS-PROTECT INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS (FREEDOM OF RELIGION) • ENLIGHTENMENT-QUESTIONING/THOUGHTFULNESS

  35. Representative Government • Representative Government developed in America as a result of the mother country England and circumstances in the New World. • The House of Burgesses, the Mayflower Compact, and the New England town meetings are all examples of Representative Government.

  36. JOHN LOCKE • JOHN LOCKE-THE SOCIAL CONTRACT NATURAL RIGHTS/INALIENABLE RIGHTS • LIFE, LIBERTY AND PROPERTY • AUTHORITY OF THE GOVERNMENT REST IN THE PEOPLE!

  37. *SALUTARY NEGLECT • THE COLONIES FELT SOVEREIGN(POWERFUL) BECAUSE BRITAIN HAD IGNORED THEM • THERE WERE TENSIONS BETWEEN THE COLONIAL GOVERNOR (APPOINTED BY THE KING) AND THE COLONIAL LEGISLATURE (ELECTED BY THE PEOPLE/ “POWER OF THE PURSE” OVER THE GOVERNOR)

  38. MOTHER COUNTRY • MERCANTILISM-EXPORTING MORE THAN YOU IMPORT FOR A FAVORABLE BALANCE OF TRADE • NAVIGATION ACTS- CERTAIN GOODS WERE SOLD ONLY TO ENGLAND (TAXED)

  39. BEN FRANKLIN • SUGGESTED THE ALBANY PLAN OF UNION • THE COLONIES SHOULD UNITE AGAINST THE BRITISH • BE ABLE TO RECOGNIZE AND ANALYZE THE FIRST POLITICAL CARTOON

  40. BEN FRANKLIN

  41. FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR • •ENGLAND AND FRANCE FOUGHT OVER THE OHIO RIVER VALLEY • •ENGLAND WAS IN DEPT AFTER THE WAR AND STARTED TAXING THE COLONIES

  42. CAUSES OF THE REVOLUTION • SUGAR ACT- TAX ON SUGAR (INDIRECT TAX) ADMIRALITY COURTS- PENALIZED SMUGGLERS W/O A TRIAL BY JURY • *STAMP ACT- TAX ON PRINTED MATERIAL(DIRECT TAX) • QUARTERING ACT- FORCED COLONIST TO HOUSE “RED COATS” • DECLARATORY ACT- ENGLAND COULD MAKE LAWS FOR THE COLONIES •TOWNSEND ACT- TAXED ALL IMPORTS

  43. STAMP ACT • Tax on anything made of paper • Result in the Sons and Daughters of Liberty and Stamp Act Congress protest groups • Effective economic boycott resulted in a repeal of the Stamp Act

  44. TAXATION •THE COLONIST WERE NOT PROTESTING THE TAXES BECAUSE THEY WERE TOO HIGH! •THEY DID NOT WANT TO FORM A NEW GOVERNMENT! •THEY WANTED THE GOVERNMENT THEY DEVELOPED UNDER SALUTARY NEGLECT! •THEY DID NOT WANT A REPRESENTATIVE IN PARLIAMENT (OUTNUMBERED). •THEY WANTED ONLY THEIR COLONIAL LEGISLATURE TO TAX THEM!

  45. CAUSES OF THE REVOLUTION •SONS OF LIBERTY- PROTEST GROUP •BOSTON MASSACRE-“RED COATS” FIRED ON CIVILIANS •TEA ACT- GAVE THE EAST INDIA CO. A MONOPOLY (CAUSE) •BOSTON TEA PARTY- “SONS OF LIBERTY” THREW TEA OVERBOARD •INTOLERABLE ACTS (COERSIVE)- MADE THE COLONIST PAY FOR THE TEA/SHUT DOWN PORT (RESULT)

  46. BOSTON TEA PARTY

  47. BOSTON MASSACRE

  48. CAUSES OF THE REVOLUTION • FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS- DECLARATION OF RIGHTS AND GRIEVANCES • MINUTEMEN- COLONIAL SOLDIERS BEGAN TO TRAIN • LEXINGTON- FIRST SHOT “SHOT HEARD AROUND THE WORLD”

  49. MINUTEMEN

  50. 2ND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS • GEORGE WASHINGTON WAS APPOINTED COMMANDER OF THE MINUTEMEN • A COMMITTEE STARTED WRITING THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

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