FPS Automation - Issues & Challenges Chhattisgarh Experience

1. FPS Automation - Issues & Challenges Chhattisgarh Experience COREPDS-मेरी मर्ज़ी

2. What was there before COREPDS? • Chhattisgarh computerized the whole PDS supply chain in 2007-08 • IncreasedTransparency ,Accountability, Efficiency

3. Situation before initiative As a result • Leakages and diversion have drastically come down • Genuine beneficiary in Chhattisgarh is no doubt, getting her full entitlements. But still there are problems faced by beneficiary at FPS.

4. Most common problems faced by beneficiary at FPS • FPS is not open when the beneficiary wants to take her rations, leading to additional trips. • FPS declares 'no stock' even when the FPS has sufficient stocks, leading to additional trips. • The sales person does not accord due respect to the beneficiary or sometimes misbehaves.

5. Most common problems faced by beneficiary at FPS (contd.) • Overcharging – The sales person charges more than what is chargeable. • Deliberate under-weighment of the commodities by sales person. • Beneficiary may need to spend at least half a day to take commodities because of long queues.

6. Solution to above problems No technology can solve the above problems. But portability can solve the problems. Portability empowers beneficiary to go to an FPS giving better services, there by creating a reason for improvement in service at FPS. Solution is the ‘Beneficiary empowerment’

7. Power of right to chose Q Why your colony's provision shop-wala shall never ill-treat you? A if he ill-treats you or hurts your ego you will stop going to the shop. Because you have freedom to chose where to purchase he will treat you well.

8. What COREPDS offers The convenience that technology has given to a bank account holder to withdraw money from any ATM, is being offered to a poor BPL beneficiary in COREPDS

9. Ten Reasons to change my FPS(from an informal talk with beneficiaries)

10. Reason - 1 इस दुकान के सामान में कंकड ज्यादा रहता है| बुवा बोलती है, उनका दुकानवाला अच्छा चावल देता है| क्या करूँ मेरा इस दुकान से पाला पड़ा है|

11. Reason - 2 मैं किराये से रहती हूँ, मैंने घर बदल दिया, अब मेरी दुकान 10 कि.मी. दूर है| दुकान बदलवाने के लिए कौन कलेक्टर कार्यालय का चक्कर काटेगा? मुझे उतनी दूर जाके ही सामान लेना पडता है|

12. Reason - 3 मेरा दुकान वाला कम तौलता है, मेरी पड़ोसन बोलती है, उनकी दुकान वाला तो ठीक देता है, क्या करूँ मैं दुकान तो बदल नहीं सकती हूँ|

13. Reason - 4 मैं जब कभी दुकान जाती हूँ, वह बंद रहती है| कम से कम 5 - 6 बार तो जाना ही पड़ता है सामान लेने|

14. Reason - 5 मैं 18 साल की लडकी हूँ| वह लडका जो दुकान में बैठता है वो मुझे घूरता रहता है, मुझे अच्छा नहीं लगता है| लेकिन क्या करूँ, मुझे 2 रू. किलो में चावल उसी दुकान से मिलता है|

15. Reason - 6 वर्षों से हमारे परिवारोँ के बीच अच्छे संबंध नहीं हैं,लेकिन वही परिवार दुकान चलता है| मुझको हर महीने भिखारी जैसे 2 रू. किलो चावल के लिए उनके सामने हाथ फैलाना पडता है| काश मैं कोई दूसरे दुकान जा सकती|

16. Reason - 7 इस दुकान में सामान लेने के लिए पूरा दिन लग जाता है| बगल वाली दुकान खाली रहता है, क्या मैं उधर से सामान नहीं ले सकती हूँ?

17. Reason - 8 मेरा दुकान वाला चिल्लर वापस ही नहीं करता 2, 4 रूपया तो ज्यादा ले ही लेता है|

18. Reason - 9 मेरा दुकान वाला एक सामान एक बार देता है, मुझे पाँच बार दुकान जाना पडता है पाँच सामान लेने के लिए| सुनती हूँ की कुछ दुकान वाले सभी सामान एक ही बार में ही देते|

19. Reason - 10 अगर मेरे पास दुकान को चुनने का हक होता तो राशन दुकानदार भी मेरे साथ सम्मानजनक व्यवहार करता और मुझे भी गर्व होता|

20. COREPDS Objectives • To empower beneficiary • To improve Service Delivery • To reduce Diversion • To weed out Bad FPS • To create Transparency

21. CORE PDS- How it works

22. Every FPS has a POS device

23. Smart Ration card for a BPL beneficiary • Smart card has no biometrics. Uses KMS supplied by NICHQ

24. Click to Issue PDS Commodities through SRC 24

25. 25

26. 26

27. Inserting Beneficiary’s SRC 27

28. 28

29. Click if Beneficiary Details are Correct 29

30. RC Number

31. RC Number Member Details Beneficiary Food Balances

32. 32

33. Select Member Enter Quantities 33

34. Click to Issue 34

35. Transaction ID, Quantities Issued, Member ID, TransactionDate

36. Transaction ID, Quantities Issued, Member ID, TransactionDate Success Report

37. Process Success 37

38. 38

39. Click to Print Receipt 39

41. APL Benficiaries They are not given smart cards. They will register mobile numbers They take commodities using OTP

42. Issue PDS Commodities without SRC There will always be a situation where a small percentage of genuine beneficiaries do not have SRCs because either they could not take in the distribution camps or they have lost and duplicate is not yet been received. This use case is to serve these genuine beneficiaries even with the risk of a few proxy issues. These beneficiaries shall not get the advantage of portability. But can take the commodities from their linked FPS.

43. RSBY Cards to be used as Ration cards • COREPDS uses RSBY smart card as ration card • Government of Chhattisgarh has recently decided to universalize RSBY through out Chhattisgarh. • COREPDS rolled out in Durg city at 69 FPSs without issuing a separate smart cards, but using RSBY cards as ration cards

44. COREPDS is readily scalable to Aadhaar authentication

45. Server RC Number, Member ID Food A/C Balances

46. Server Member ID, RC No., Finger Print Food A/C Balances Aadhaar No., Finger Print Y/N

48. RISKS, CHALLENGES & MITIGATION STRATEGY

49. Risk 1 • Implementation of CORE PDS acts against the interest of many FPS Agencies. It is not wise to assume that FPS will sincerely try to implement CORE PDS

50. Mitigation Strategy • When one FPS says that the POS is not working beneficiary can go to a near by FPS. FPS that can not run COREPDS loses its business to other FPSs. • FPS automation without portability as tried in some States is difficult to sustain