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Presented by: Joe Keenan, MBA, CSP 3-10-17

Presented by: Joe Keenan, MBA, CSP 3-10-17. NFPA 70E Arc Flash Awareness Training. What is an Arc Flash Hazard? A dangerous condition associated with the release of energy caused by an electric arc. What is an Arc Flash Hazard Analysis?

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Presented by: Joe Keenan, MBA, CSP 3-10-17

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  1. Presented by: Joe Keenan, MBA, CSP 3-10-17 NFPA 70E Arc Flash Awareness Training

  2. What is an Arc Flash Hazard? • A dangerous condition associated with the release of energy caused by an electric arc.

  3. What is an Arc Flash Hazard Analysis? • A study investigating a worker’s potential exposure to arc-flash energy, conducted for the purpose of injury prevention and determination of safe work practices and appropriate levels of PPE.

  4. Why is Arc Flash Important? • According to the NFPA – An average of 4,000 non-disabling and 3,600 disabling electrical contact injuries annually in the United States. • One person is electrocuted in the workplace every day.

  5. Why is Arc Flash Important? • According to the NFPA – Electrocutions were the fourth leading cause of traumatic occupational fatalities. • Over 2,000 workers are sent to burn centers each year with electrical burns.

  6. Why is Arc Flash Important? • Arc-plasma temperatures may reach 35,000°F (~ 4 x hotter than the sun’s surface)! • 80% of all electrical injuries are burns from electric arc-flash and ignition of employees' clothing.

  7. Courtesy of the NFPA:

  8. Arc Flash Hazards Summary: • Thermal Hazard • Pressure Hazard • Auditory Hazard • Projectile Hazard • Inhalation Hazard

  9. NFPA 70 E Articles • Article 110 (General Requirements for Electrical Safety-Related Work Practices) • Training Requirements • Electrical Safety Program • Use of Equipment

  10. NFPA 70 E Articles • Article 120 (Establishing Safe Work Conditions) • Lockout / Tagout Procedures • Article 130 (Working On or Near Live Parts) • Electrocution Prevention • Arc-Flash Protection

  11. Arc Flash Falls Under Electrical Safety Hazards • Personnel • Electric Shock • Arc Flash • Arc Blast • Falls

  12. Arc Flash Falls Under Electrical Safety Hazards • Property • Fire • Equipment Damage

  13. Why is Arc Flash Important? • According to the NFPA – A shock requires exposure to a difference of potential. • The National Electrical Code (NEC) reduces this risk under normal conditions. • NFPA 70E reduces the risk under abnormal conditions.

  14. Frequent Causes of Arc Flash Incidents • Extended maintenance cycles • Extreme environments • Improper PPE requirements • Missing or ineffective hazard labeling • Unsafe work practices • Complacency

  15. Have you or someone you know ever been shocked before? Electrical shock hazards: • Received when current passes through the body • Severity of the shock depends on: • Path of current through the body • Amount of current flowing through the body • Length of time the body is in the circuit

  16. Low Voltage Does Not Mean No Hazards: • Currents > 50 mA* (milliamphere) can cause ventricular fibrillation (rapid, ineffective heartbeat). • Will cause death in a few minutes unless a defibrillator is used. • 50 mA is not much current – a small electrical powered tool uses 30 times as much.

  17. Effects of Current: • More than 3 mA • Painful shock • More than 10 mA • Muscle contraction “no-let-go” danger • More than 30 mA • Lung paralysis- usually temporary

  18. Effects of Current: • More than 50 mA • Possible ventricular fibrillation (heart dysfunction, usually fatal) • 100 mA to 4 amps • Certain ventricular fibrillation, fatal • Over 4 amps • Heart paralysis; severe burns. Usually caused by >600 volts

  19. Arc Flash Safety Requirements: • First rule – only FULLY TRAINED AND AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL should work around potential Electrical/Arc Flash Hazards.

  20. Arc Flash Safety Requirements: • Effective arc flash safety practices protect authorized and trained personnel while working on or servicing equipment that can potentially cause electrical shock hazards.

  21. Arc Flash Safety Requirements: • An arc flash hazardexists if an authorized employee might be exposed to a significant thermal hazard as a direct result of an arc flash event.

  22. Managing Arc Flash: Arc Flash Hazards Depend On: • Energy available • Distance from arc flash • Duration of arc flash

  23. Distance Boundaries: Two types: • Approach boundaries are used to reduce shock hazard. • A flash protection boundary is used to reduce arc flash hazards and may reduce arc blast hazards.

  24. Distance Boundaries: • The Limited Approach Boundary is the closest distance an “unqualified” person can approach the area where the electrical work is being performed. • The Limited Approach Boundary for voltages below 600 Volts is 4 feet per NFPA 70E guidelines.

  25. Flash Protection Boundaries: • The Flash Protection Boundary is the distance from exposed live parts within which a person could receive a second degree burn if an arc flash were to occur.

  26. Flash Protection Boundaries: • Arc flash PPE is required within this boundary. • The Flash Protection Boundary for voltages below 600 Volts is 4 feet per NFPA 70E guidelines.

  27. Flash Protection Boundaries: It is critical to protect an unqualified person from the shock and arc flash hazards by utilizing appropriate barrier warnings: • Barrier tape • Barrier posts • Signage • Use an attendant as needed.

  28. Arc Flash PPE Requirements: • NFPA has established detailed guidelines related to the Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) required for each Hazard Risk Category. These guidelines are included in the Electrical Safe Work Practices Code, NFPA 70E.

  29. Arc Flash PPE Requirements: • OSHA 1910.335(a)(1)(i)Personal Protective Equipment • Is required when employees are working in areas where potential electrical hazards exist. • Shall be appropriate for the specific parts of the body to be protected. • Shall be appropriate to protect the worker for the task being performed.

  30. Arc Flash PPE Requirements: • It is critical to determine what Arc Flash PPE requirements your plant needs for authorized and trained personnel.

  31. Arc Flash PPE Requirements: • An “arc flash hazard evaluation” is needed to determine what specific PPE is needed • Basically, a measure of how much electrical energy could be released in a phase-to-phase, or phase-to-ground electrical discharge.

  32. Arc Flash PPE Requirements: Appropriate PPE could include: • FR rating clothing • Flash hood, jacket and bib overalls • Face and eye protection

  33. Arc Flash 70E Labeling Requirements Labels for each system location • Arc-Flash hazard boundaries • Shock hazard boundaries • Combined levels of PPE

  34. Arc Flash 70E Labeling Requirements • Designed for industrial environment • Highly visible • 5” x 3-5/8” • Chemical resistant • UV resistant • Washable/durable

  35. Working On Or Near Live Electric Parts • Electrically safe work condition • Training • Planning • PPE

  36. Qualified Person: • One who has skills and knowledge related to the construction and operation of the electrical equipment and installations and has received safety training on the hazards involved.

  37. NFPA 70E Requirements for Work on or near Live Parts: • De-energize before an employee works on or near them • Infeasibility to de-energize: • Increased hazard • Equipment design • Operational limitations • Infeasible versus inconvenient • Below 50 volts

  38. NFPA 70E Requirements for Work on or near Live Parts: • Energized electrical work permit • Hazard/risk analysis • Personal protective equipment • Training (qualified person) • Job briefing

  39. Questions???

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