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Understanding Energy Systems in Exercise for Optimal Performance

Delve into the intricate dynamics of energy transfer during exercise, from immediate ATP-PCr system to long-term oxygen consumption. Explore the nuances of energy production and utilization in activities like sprinting, weightlifting, and more. Gain insights into lactate accumulation, aerobic and anaerobic thresholds, and the impact of training on energy pathways. Uncover the significance of VO2 values and the physiological mechanisms involved in oxygen distribution during physical exertion.

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Understanding Energy Systems in Exercise for Optimal Performance

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  1. Energy Transfer In Exercise

  2. Immediate Energy • ATP-PCr System • 5-8 sec of max intensity exercise • Sprinting, football, weight lifting baseball, volleyball, etc.

  3. Short-Term Energy • Lactic Acid System (Anaerobic glycolysis) • Maximal exercise between 60-180 seconds • Increases blood lactate • Lactate ranges from .5 – 20 mmole.L-1 • Half-life is ~ 15-30 min • Removal is fasted during low-moderate aerobic exercise

  4. Lactate Accumulation • Onset of Blood Lactate Accumulation (OBLA) • Blood Lactate Threshold • Anaerobic Threshold

  5. Trained vs Untrained • Genetic endowment • Muscle fiber type • Blood flow characteristics • Local training adaptations • Less lactate production • Greater lactate production • Greater lactate removal

  6. Long-Term Energy • Oxygen consumption , oxygen uptake • VO2 • Resting values • Submaximal values • Maximal values

  7. Units for VO2 • Absolute Units • ml.min-1 • L.min-1 • Relative Units • ml.kg-1.min-1

  8. Reasonable VO2 Values ml.kg-1.min-1 ml.min-1 METS Rest 3.5 200-300 1 Maximal 40-55 2500-4000 11.4-15.7 Elite 75-85 5000-60000 21.4-24.3

  9. Where Does the O2 Go? • Resynthesize ATP and PCr • Resynthesize lactate to glycogen • Oxidize lactate • Restore O2 to myoglobin • Increased HR and ventilation • Increased catecholamines • Elevated core temperature

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