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Energy Transfer In Exercise. Immediate Energy. ATP-PCr System 5-8 sec of max intensity exercise Sprinting, football, weight lifting baseball, volleyball, etc. Short-Term Energy. Lactic Acid System (Anaerobic glycolysis) Maximal exercise between 60-180 seconds Increases blood lactate
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Immediate Energy • ATP-PCr System • 5-8 sec of max intensity exercise • Sprinting, football, weight lifting baseball, volleyball, etc.
Short-Term Energy • Lactic Acid System (Anaerobic glycolysis) • Maximal exercise between 60-180 seconds • Increases blood lactate • Lactate ranges from .5 – 20 mmole.L-1 • Half-life is ~ 15-30 min • Removal is fasted during low-moderate aerobic exercise
Lactate Accumulation • Onset of Blood Lactate Accumulation (OBLA) • Blood Lactate Threshold • Anaerobic Threshold
Trained vs Untrained • Genetic endowment • Muscle fiber type • Blood flow characteristics • Local training adaptations • Less lactate production • Greater lactate production • Greater lactate removal
Long-Term Energy • Oxygen consumption , oxygen uptake • VO2 • Resting values • Submaximal values • Maximal values
Units for VO2 • Absolute Units • ml.min-1 • L.min-1 • Relative Units • ml.kg-1.min-1
Reasonable VO2 Values ml.kg-1.min-1 ml.min-1 METS Rest 3.5 200-300 1 Maximal 40-55 2500-4000 11.4-15.7 Elite 75-85 5000-60000 21.4-24.3
Where Does the O2 Go? • Resynthesize ATP and PCr • Resynthesize lactate to glycogen • Oxidize lactate • Restore O2 to myoglobin • Increased HR and ventilation • Increased catecholamines • Elevated core temperature