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Energy Transfer in Ecosystems

Energy Transfer in Ecosystems. Terms to be Familiar with. Ecosystem Biotic Abiotic Producer Consumer Herbivore Carnivore Omnivore Scavenger Decomposer Parasite. A step-by-step sequence linking organisms that feed on each other. A food chain always begins with producers (plants).

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Energy Transfer in Ecosystems

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  1. Energy Transfer in Ecosystems

  2. Terms to be Familiar with • Ecosystem • Biotic • Abiotic • Producer • Consumer • Herbivore • Carnivore • Omnivore • Scavenger • Decomposer • Parasite

  3. A step-by-step sequence linking organisms that feed on each other. A food chain always begins with producers (plants). Arrows are used to show energy transfer.

  4. Trophic Levels • Feeding level • Producers = 1st trophic level (most energy available) • Primary consumers feed on producers (2nd trophic level) • Secondary consumers feed on primary consumers (3rd trophic level) • Tertiary consumers (4th trophic level)

  5. Energy Transfer • The sun provides energy for producers to grow. Producers use the sun’s energy to: • build tissue • Grow • stay alive. • Energy is transferred from producer to consumer when a consumer eats a plant.

  6. Energy Transfer • Animals do not store all of the energy they obtain from a plant. They use it to: • Move limbs • Pump blood • Digest food, etc. • Once the energy has been used, it is not available to be transferred. • Only 10% of the energy at each trophic level gets transferred to the next one.

  7. 100% of original energy 2% of original energy 0.2% of original energy 0.02% of original energy 0.002% of original energy Phyto- plankton Zoo- plankton Smelt (fish) Sun salmon humans Energy Transfer • A food chain is usually limited to 5 trophic levels.

  8. Food Webs • A diagram that shows the feeding relationship between organisms in an ecosystem. • A food web consists of many food chains. • The arrows indicate the direction of energy transfer.

  9. Check your Understanding • Food Chain Gizmo | ExploreLearning

  10. Try This • In a forest community, green plants of many types form the start of the food web as the producers. One small food web that can be identified is one starting with these green plants that are eaten by the cankerworm. The cankerworm is eaten by the red-eyed vireo (a bird). Rabbits also feed from the green plants, and they are eaten by the bobcats. Both the rabbit and the bobcat are eaten by lice which live in their fur. These lice are eaten by the red-eyed vireos in the forest. It has been noted that both the red-eyed vireos and the rabbits are eaten by sharp-shinned hawks in the area.

  11. Homework • Definitions for Day 2 and 3 • Enrolling yourself at www.explorelearning.com

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