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Discover the diverse Negev region, extending from the Dead Sea to Elath, with its varied geography, climate, and historical background. Explore the Negev's major cities, subsistence agriculture, mineral extraction, and sparse population. Learn about the rich history of the area, from ancient Semitic tribes to modern-day settlements.
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The Negeb Graziela Tanaka and Tim Sonbuchner
The Geography • Part of the Great Rift extending from the Dead Sea to Elath on the Red Sea coast. • South - the Judean Mountains, the Dead Sea and the ‘Arabah. • West - the boarder runs along the international boundaries between Egypt and Israel. • Area - It forms a large triangle area of 12,500 square kilometers. • Regions – coastal plain in the NW, a central plateau, a mountainous area in the South central part, and a Valley in the East. • It comprises more than one half of Israel's land area. • Major cities – Beersheba, Dimona, Arad, and Elat.
Rainfall - varies from 300 to 100 mm of rainfall per year. Temperature - from 23* F (winter) to 100* F (summer) As moving from South east to north and west, the ground becomes more even, the soil more fertile and the rainfall increases. Climate
Subsistance • North in the Beersheba plain is fertile loess; irrigation is necessary for agriculture. • Agricultural goods - barley, wheat, and citrus fruit. • Mineral extraction - phosphates, copper, clay, bromine, and natural gas • The Bedouins depend on herds of camels and sheeps.
Population • The Negev is a very sparsely populated area • Most of the population is concentrated in the northern part and mainly on the relatively fertile Beersheba plain, which because of its ecological conditions is a center of turbulence. • Continuo settlements occur along the great riverbeds in the northern Negeb. • On the other parts of the Negeb a great part of the populations is of Bedouins.
Historic Background • pre-Christian - Semitic tribes. • 100BC – 100 AD – Nabatean period • 4th and 5th century AD Byzantine rule • 7th century AD – Arab conquest of the region • After 7th century - occupied basically by the Bedouins, the nomadic inhabitants of the desert • 20th century - development of the desert began with the establishment of several kibbutzim in the mid-1940s and accelerated after the creation of the state of Israel in 1948
