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Effect of Food Stamp Program on Nutrient Intake

Effect of Food Stamp Program on Nutrient Intake. Xiaowen Liu Department of Agricultural Economics. Outline. Introduction Methodology Data Result Conclusion. Introduction. Food Stamp Program (FSP) History: 1939-now

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Effect of Food Stamp Program on Nutrient Intake

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  1. Effect of Food Stamp Program on Nutrient Intake Xiaowen Liu Department of Agricultural Economics

  2. Outline • Introduction • Methodology • Data • Result • Conclusion

  3. Introduction • Food Stamp Program (FSP) • History: 1939-now • Objectives of FSP: to help low-income households obtain adequate and nutritious diets by providing electronic debit cards that can be redeemed for food with few restrictions

  4. Name change

  5. Is it helpful? • Food Intake Increase in meats, added sugars, and total fats; Increase in total food expenditure. • Nutrient Intake FSP effects on nutrient intake are negligible; Negative effect; Positive but non-significant effect.

  6. Objectives • Identify the factors that determine participation by eligible individuals in the FSP • Determine the effectiveness of the FSP in increasing nutritional intake of its participants • Determine the effects of socio-demographic factors on nutrient intakes by SNAP eligible individuals.

  7. Methodology • Simple Regression FSP =0 (participants) =1 (non-participants) Nutrient= Exogenous

  8. Treatment Effect Model (d=FSP)

  9. Switching Regression Model • System Regression Statistical efficiency

  10. Program Treatment Effect Participants Non-participants

  11. Data • National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2006 • Eligibility Define (<=130 poverty level) • Five nutrients: Protein, Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Calcium and Iron • Explanatory Variables: Income, race, age, marital status Worry running out of food, self-access health etc.

  12. Results • Program Participation • Income (+), country of origin (-), marital status (-), being African-American (+), presence of children (+), being a female (+), household ownership (+), and household size (-), etc. • Self-access health is good (-). • Nutrient Intake Income (+), country of origin (+), college education (+), presence of children (-), smoke (-), age (-), dietary supplement (+), etc.

  13. Average Treatment Effect Male Female Pooled Protein 488.413*** 245.762*** 355.318*** Vitamin C -33.549 3.673 -13.132 Vitamin A 854.137*** 482.212*** 650.134*** Calcium 155.228*** 79.218*** 113.536*** Iron 195.669* 68.511* 125.922*

  14. Conclusion • Food Stamp Program has been improved in several ways: • Use of EBT card • Nutrition Education • Data Improvement • Previous: dietary recall Now: blood and urine examination

  15. Conclusion • Nutrition education • Policy change on food restriction for example: EBT card can be used to buy dietary supplement. • Data collection methods more psychological questions (stigma) for example: will you feel uncomfortable using EBT card when checking out?

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