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Genetics Vocabulary. A gene that is active in producing its RNA or protein product. expressed gene. Genes that are turned off but are still present in a cell. repressed gene. The basic building blocks of proteins. amino acids.
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A gene that is active in producing its RNA or protein product.
A molecule which during protein synthesis transmits the information in an organism’s DNA to the ribosome.
Any change in the sequence of nucleotides in a strand of DNA
The first phase of protein synthesis in which the information contained in DNA is converted into a messenger RNA.
The second phase of protein synthesis during which the code in the mRNA is read for the correct amino acid sequence in the protein.
This reads the code in mRNA and then add amino acids in the correct sequence to form a protein.
A phenomenon during prophase in meiosis I where pairs of chromosomes exchange portions.
A segment of an organisms genetic material (DNA) that produces a specific protein.
An image of the chromosomal makeup of an individual, produced through staining, arranging matching pairs and photographing.
Proposed by Mendel, states that it is equally likely for a heterozygous dihybrid individual to produce any of four type of gametes. e.g. PpSs could producePSPspSps
The process of cell division that produces sex cells (gametes).
The process of cell division that produces identical copies of cells.
The failure of chromosomes to separate during cell division.
The building blocks of DNA or RNA sugar + phosphate + nitrogen base
