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GENETICS VOCABULARY

GENETICS VOCABULARY. WHAT IS HEREDITY?. The passing down of genes from parent to offspring. What are genes?. Segment of DNA Determines a trait Trait is shown as a protein. Are all genes the same?. A trait is a physical characteristic of your body: Hair Color Height Widows Peak

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GENETICS VOCABULARY

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  1. GENETICS VOCABULARY

  2. WHAT IS HEREDITY? • The passing down of genes from parent to offspring

  3. What are genes? Segment of DNA Determines a trait Trait is shown as a protein

  4. Are all genes the same? • A trait is a physical characteristic of your body: • Hair Color • Height • Widows Peak • Hitchhiker’s Thumb • Are all the traits the same?

  5. Alleles • Different forms of a gene • Usually represented by a letter. • Each person gets two alleles for a gene ( one from mom/ one from dad)

  6. What do alleles mean? • Genotype- • Combination of alleles in a person • The letters • Phenotype • What trait the alleles show

  7. Genotype forms • Homozygous- • Two of the same allele • Heterozygous • Two different alleles in a genotype

  8. Examples- Mendel and his peas • Was a monk • Worked with peas to look at inheritance • Was able to develop rules of inheritance

  9. Mendel’s findings • 1. Each person has two genes • 2. Those genes can be different • 3. Only one gene from each parent

  10. Breeding experiments • Determined some relationships between genes • DOMINANT ALLELE- • The trait will be expressed if this allele is present • Usually it is the capital letter • RECESSIVE ALLELE- • The trait will only show up in phenotype if both alleles are present • Usually it is the lower case letter

  11. Dominant does not always mean allot! • Polydactyly- • Having extra fingers • Due to two dominant alleles • Not seen allot in population

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