1 / 24

ENVIRONMENTAL AND FINANCIAL SYNERGIES ON AFFORESTATION OF DEGRADED LANDS

ENVIRONMENTAL AND FINANCIAL SYNERGIES ON AFFORESTATION OF DEGRADED LANDS. V. Blujdea – Forest Research and Management Institute Bucharest I. Abrudan – Transilvania University of Brasov. Romania. Climate: mild continental. Temperature: -2.5 ⋯ + 11.4 o C. Precipitation:

dora-potter
Download Presentation

ENVIRONMENTAL AND FINANCIAL SYNERGIES ON AFFORESTATION OF DEGRADED LANDS

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. ENVIRONMENTAL AND FINANCIAL SYNERGIES ON AFFORESTATION OF DEGRADED LANDS V. Blujdea – Forest Research and Management Institute Bucharest I. Abrudan – Transilvania University of Brasov

  2. Romania Climate: mild continental Temperature: -2.5 ⋯ +11.4 oC • Precipitation: • 385 mm (L) and >1000 mm (H) • West/East: 700/ 400 mm Relief: balanced among plains\hills\mountains

  3. A place like any other ….

  4. A place like any other ….

  5. but vulnerable to …

  6. Drought intensity areas in Romania (according to palfay index corrected by soil properties, relief and ground water)

  7. Hazards in Romania OVERALL, ALL ARRABLE AGRICULTURAL LAND OF THE COUNTRY IS AFFECTED BY DROUGHT and HALF OF THE COUNTRY AREA IS AFFECTED BY DIFFERENT LAND DEGRADATION TYPE

  8. NAP/UNCCD: Drought and Land Degradation and their combat …. Monitoring, warning, prevention of drought Rehabilitation and improvement of the irrigation system Improve land use and balance at local/regional scale (afforestation, …) Improvement of hydrological regime of the rivers Improvement of land use practices Promotion of drought tolerant crops Promotion of ‘close to nature’ ecosystem’s management Water management systems

  9. Afforestation of bad lands in Romania Tradition, Experience, Continuity, Necessity Financing of afforestation works • Dedicated sources (special funds: Degraded Lands Afforestation Fund, own companies effort) • EU funds (SAPARD and structural) • Joint Implementation approach (under Kyoto Protocol)

  10. What is synergy ? • A mutually advantageous conjunction of distinct elements (a common dictionary definition) • Hunt three rabbits with one single bullet ? • Share one piece of …. to three lions ?

  11. Biological Diversity Climate change Land degradation/ desertification KP’s JI/CDM approach in afforestation of degraded lands Multiple partners Financial synergies Environmental synergies Long term commitment Sustainable development

  12. How we practically deal with …? Afforestation activity /project cycle: • Development of partnership • Land availability and land use • Type of structure to be created • Technology to be used • Chosen of species to be planted • Incentives • Ensure sustainability of the forest/administration/management type /local integration • Units of C transfer

  13. A. Partners interested … • Communities ? • Private owners ? • State forests administrator ? Issues: uncertain land property, financial, uncertain will, long negotiations, weak/lack of capacity of administration, technical solutions “at command”, communication problems

  14. B. Type of structures to be created … • Ecological restoration • Plantations /tree crops • Agroforestry • Energy plantations • Plantations with socio-economical purposes • Pioneer/transitory plantations Issues: targeted function of the new forest, local needs, local threats, local vulnerability, land status, former land use

  15. C. Land availability and actual land use … • Ownership on the land • Land use category and real land use • Land status • Aggregation of lands Issues: cadastral situation, ownership (clear ?), land use correlate with vegetation type, land status (chemical, physical and biological degradation), legislation on land use, procedures on LUC, EIA (?), land consolidation (total area, shape of the contour), conservation approaches, institutional communication, limited capacity of negotiations of the different stakeholders or decision makers

  16. D. Technology to be used … • Land preparation • Soil preparation • Planting technology Issues: former land use, intensivity of the works (terracing, deep ploughing vs. strips preparation), complexity of the plantations works

  17. E. Chosen of species to be planted … • A high request of fast growing and dense wood species • In degraded lands combat is a request of species that quickly halt the erosional processes and soon provide services • Management objectives of the plantations Issues: Multitude of options regarding species - exotic vs. native; legal restrictions regarding use of species (Golden Law of Local Provenance); rate of C sequestration vs. C offsets income; owner wish; endeavored functions of the new stand; availability of the seedling on recommended species, collateral problems (genetic introgression, invasion, management, non-permanence, vulnerability), assess risks related to species used

  18. Species Area (ha) Indigenous species Fraxinus communis, Fraxinus ornus, Fraxinus pallisae 178 Populus alba, Populus nigra 1455 Salix sp. 310 Pinus nigra 30 Pyrus pyraster, Prunus cerasifera, Ulmus laevis, Crataegus monogyna, Juglans regia, Morus alba 19 Quercus patraea, Quercus robur, Acer campestre, Acer tataricum, Acer platanoides, Cerasus avium, Alnus incana, Carpinus betulus 157 Quercus cerris, Tilia cordata, Tilia argentea 136 Quercus pedunculiflora 1009 Rosa cannina, Ligustrum vulgare 19 Total indigenous species 3313 (55 %) Exotic species Elaeaganus angustifolia, Ailantus altissima 739 Gleditschia triachantos 274 Quercus rubra 4 Robinia pseudacacia 1688 Ulmus turkmeniaca, Prunus mahaleb 15 Total exotic species 2720 (45 %) TOTAL afforested area in project 6033 (100 %) Area on species and groups of species (according technical afforestations plans)

  19. Pattern of C sequestration in tree plantations

  20. C accumulation projection and validation

  21. F. Incentives for … • Who afford what ? (big administrators vs. small land owners) • Local species planting may/should be an incentive for additional payment by the C offsets buyer? It is a subject of negotiation • Free services for local people (no charge for forest fruits or medicinal, bees keeping)

  22. G. Ensure sustainability of the new forest/administration/management type /local integration • Management plans • Protection against illegal cut, grazing, insects outbreaks, forest fires • Awareness and compensation programme Issues: long term forest management; decentralization is just happening in Romania; addressing grass roots problems of the communities - compensation measures; limited knowledge on cross sectoral or integrated management

  23. 5 years balance Re - parametyzing the model Accumulated CO2 M1 M2 M3 H. Carbon and biodiversity monitoring

  24. Conclusions Options & Trade-offs: Which step ? Scientific soundness is needed every step Afforestation activity (of degraded lands) could be financially supported via sequestered carbon transactions C financing may act as incentive in the mobilizing national/other partner resources Plantations of degraded lands creates multi-benefits for local population and environment

More Related