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Setting Up

Setting Up. Reviving Hima : Conserving Biodiversity and Sustainably Managing Land through Community Conserved Areas. Setting Up. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Desertification is defined by UNCCD as: land degradation in the drylands.

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Setting Up

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  1. Setting Up

  2. Reviving Hima: Conserving Biodiversity and Sustainably Managing Land through Community Conserved Areas Setting Up International Union for Conservation of Nature

  3. Desertification is defined by UNCCD as: land degradation in the drylands • Between 10 and 20% of drylands are subject to desertification • Desertification exacerbates poverty, creates food and water insecurity and aggravates conflict • Global cost of desertification: 42 billion USD annually • Estimated cost of preventing it: 2.4 billion USD Setting Up International Union for Conservation of Nature

  4. Naturally and Human activities. • Overgrazing of rangeland, • Inappropriate land management that encourages soil erosion by wind and water, • Inappropriate irrigation management leading to salinization, • Degradation of the natural vegetative diversity. • In addition to land use change. Setting Up Degradation of the natural vegetative diversity. International Union for Conservation of Nature

  5. Drivers of Desertification • Poor understanding of dryland ecology • Weak consultation with resource managers • Weak communal tenure arrangements and governance • Unsupportive policies and investments • Human poverty and population dynamics • Climate change and climatic uncertainty • Fragmentation of landscapes Desertification is one of today’s greatest environmental challenges, and is a major impediment to meeting basic human needs in drylands and elsewhere

  6. Responding to challenges in Drylands • Different initiatives to restore land and managed biodiversity: • Researches • Infrastructure • Protected Areas • Awareness Campaigns • …………………. • …………. • ………………… Setting Up International Union for Conservation of Nature

  7. So Is It Management or Governance !!!!!! Setting Up

  8. Governance and Management Setting Up International Union for Conservation of Nature

  9. IUCN recognize four broad types of governance • Governance types are defined on: • Basis of “who holds management authority and responsibility • and can be held accountable” for a specific protected area Setting Up The Four Types are: A. Governance by government B. Shared governance C. Private governance D. Governance by indigenous peoples and local communities International Union for Conservation of Nature

  10. How different actors assess the governance types ??? Setting Up International Union for Conservation of Nature

  11. So Good Governance is • It is Interaction between the State and its Citizens • Rules – laws and other norms • Institutions • Processes • Principles Governance is more than Government International Union for Conservation of Nature

  12. Laws and other norms Institutions Processes ◘ Transparency Predictability/ “Rule of Law” ◘ ◘ Accountability ◘ Participation Tonle Sap exercise

  13. Hima As a solution !!!!! Setting Up

  14. International Union for Conservation of Nature Hima = Governance Model The word Hima (Arabic: حمى) originally means “protection” and refers to an area set aside for conservation. Its a traditional conservation system used by Bedouins to organize grazing and keep lands protected and conserved It is a community conserved area It is in practice PA category 5

  15. Can Top Down Be Wise for Restoration ????!!!!!!! Setting Up International Union for Conservation of Nature

  16. SO HIMA In a Management and Governance Matrix Setting Up International Union for Conservation of Nature

  17. Conserve = Reserve Will share with you what we observe !!!!!! Setting Up

  18. A case from Zarqa River Basin!!!!!! • The Zarqa River Basin represents a transitional area between the semi arid high lands in the west to the dry desert in the east. • Biodiversity is being lost and improper land use and heavy ground water extraction are important causes of degradation of land and vegetation. 3,900 Km2 area

  19. International Union for Conservation of Nature The Governance theory in Restoring Land

  20. Strengthen Governance • Strengthening Local Government: • To reach the stage of full decentralization the capacity building • Empowerment local level: • - Empowering the local community to be able to participate in the decision making process concerning their natural resources. International Union for Conservation of Nature Through building their accountability It will probably gives further insights in decision-making and concerted actions processes, while deepening understanding on attitudes and believes of related Stakeholders

  21. Legitimising Hima • Legal avenues identified and political dialogue to identify acceptable approaches • Land for protection identified by communities • Allocation of land approved by government • Dept. rangelands and Badia development • Dept tourism and antiquities • Rules and regulations developed by communities • Inter-community dialogue to enforce rules: enforcement is key

  22. What we did not do • Investment in infrastructure • Fencing • Extensive technical advice The key is community autonomy and leadership with government support

  23. Make a cross linkage between environmental, socialand economic benefits Setting Up

  24. Results • 4 plots under improved management and conservation (approx. 1000 ha) • Running 4 years so end-results are modest • Major change in attitude and behaviour amongst communities • Significant support from Jordanian Ministry of Agriculture • Updating Range Land strategy

  25. Results • Biodiversity benefits: recovery of floral species • De facto IUCN Protected Area Category 5 • Built on local knowledge and expertise in conservation and rangeland management • Dual development and conservation impacts

  26. Results • Return of plants with medicinal values (e.g. artemesia spp.) • Return of wildlife and possible hunting concessions (e.g. partridge)

  27. Framework for Change: Bridging Gender Gap Setting Up

  28. International Union for Conservation of Nature • Women’s unique knowledge and skills are essential for effective combating and conservation measures and policies. • Women are important agents of change as managers of natural resources • Supporting economic and income generating options for rural communities.

  29. International Union for Conservation of Nature Bani Hashem Hima Site

  30. International Union for Conservation of Nature Bani Hashem Hima Site

  31. International Union for Conservation of Nature Bani Hashem Hima Site

  32. International Union for Conservation of Nature Bani Hashem Hima Site

  33. HIMA is Not Something fixed Setting Up

  34. International Union for Conservation of Nature The sustainability of specific NRM measures are at risk when those directly concerned in local communities are not involved and have no ownership over the resource or the way it is used and managed.

  35. Possibilities Are Endless Setting Up

  36. Setting Up

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