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Bell Work

Learn about the different types of muscles (skeletal, smooth, cardiac), their functions in the body, and their unique structures. Explore topics such as muscle contractions, connective tissues, and the role of muscles in producing movement, maintaining posture, stabilizing joints, and generating heat.

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Bell Work

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  1. Bell Work • What do muscles do for the body? • What does the word voluntary mean? • What is a tendon? • What is meant by perpendicular? • Where would we find cardiac muscle? • What is a striation? • What does endo- mean again?

  2. Muscle Types • There are three muscle types: • Skeletal • Cardiac • Smooth • The ability of a muscle to shorten depends on two types of myofilaments • Skeletal and smooth are elongatedand therefore are referred to as musclefibers • Anytime you see the following prefixes, you are dealing with a muscle • Myo- • Mys- • Sarco-

  3. Skeletal Muscle • Composed of skeletal muscle fibers • Also known as striated (striped) muscle and voluntary muscle • They are cigar shaped, multinucleated, and large (some are nearly a foot in length) • Can contract rapidly with great force, but tireeasily and need to rest after periods of activity

  4. Skeletal Muscle Parts • Endomysium – delicate connective tissue sheath that surrounds the muscle • Fascicle – a bundle of muscle fibers • Perimysium – Courser membrane that covers the fascicle. • Epimysium – An even tougher cover that surrounds multiple fascicles. This covers the entire muscle and blends into either a • Tendon – strong, cordlike material that connects the muscle to bones • Aponeuroses – Attaches muscle indirectly to bone, cartilage, or other connective tissues

  5. Smooth Muscle • No striations • Involuntary • Spindle shaped with a single nucleus, arranged in sheets • Usually arranged in two layers running in different directions (think perpendicular) • Found in the walls of hollowvisceral organs (stomach, bladder, respiratorypassages) and is used to propel substances along the tract

  6. Cardiac Muscle • Found only in the heart • It is striated, but involuntary • They are branching cells joined at special junctions called intercalateddiscs • Cushioned by small amounts of soft connective tissue and arranged in spiral or figure 8 shaped bundles • Usually controlled by an internalpacemaker, but can also be influenced hormones and the nervous system

  7. Muscle Function • Producing Movement • Maintain Posture • Stabilizing Joints • Generating Heat

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