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Ancient Iran

Ancient Iran. 1000- 30 BCE. First…let’s hear from John Green. HISTORICAL BIAS! Your textbook covers this topic on the first page of the chapter. Who are we learning history from?. Reminder…key players. Geography.

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Ancient Iran

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  1. Ancient Iran 1000- 30 BCE

  2. First…let’s hear from John Green. • HISTORICAL BIAS! • Your textbook covers this topic on the first page of the chapter. • Who are we learning history from?

  3. Reminder…key players

  4. Geography • Topographical features: high mountains on the edges, salt deserts in the interior, and a sloping plateau crossed by mountain streams.

  5. Modern Day Iran

  6. Natural Resources • Limited resources • Water was scarce • Environment could only support limited population • Irrigation networks were underground due ot the heat • Irrigation maintenance was labour intensive! • Mineral resources: copper, tin, iron, gold, silver, timber

  7. Rise of Persian Empire • Empire built up by three kings: • Cyrus (559-530 BC) • -brought all of Anatolia under his control, later Mesopotamia • Cambyses (530-525 BC) • -defeated Egypt, sent expeditions to Nubia and Libya • Darius (521-486 BC) • -extended East and West

  8. Persian Empire

  9. Imperial Organization • From Darius on, the empire was divided into 20 provinces • A satrap who was related or connected to the royal court administered each province • Satrap positions tended to become hereditary • Satraps far away had considerable autonomy

  10. Satrap receiving a visitor

  11. Administration • Provinces were required to pay annual tribute. • Provinces were crossed using a system of well maintained roads. • 1,677 miles long with 111 relay stations • Other smaller roads branched off the royal road • Relay stations had rest areas and fresh horses. • The entire royal road could be traveled in a week by a horsemen • Caravans took about a month

  12. Persian Empire, 500 BCE

  13. Style of Rule • Style of kingship where Persian kings were held aloof and majestic, masters of all their subjects and nobles. • King’s owned “King’s land” in areas around the empire. • Kings acted as law givers but allowed each people of the empire to keep its own traditions. • Central administration at capital of Susa, performed ceremonies at Persepolis in Persian homeland

  14. Example: Cyrus • 550 BC – Conquered several neighboring kingdoms • Military genius • Controlled an empire spanning 2000 miles • Kindness toward conquered people • Honored local customs and religions • 538 BC - Allowed the Jews to return to their homeland, Jerusalem • Important figure to Jews

  15. Tolerance.. • Cyrus use the idea of tolerance to keep the peace and to seem like a liberator. • He allowed people to keep their local customs and religions.

  16. Persepolis

  17. Religion: Zoroastrianism • Let’s switch Powerpoints…

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