Bellwork – September 17

1. Bellwork – September 17 • Put the following events in the correct order: • Zebulon Pike receives orders to find the starting point of the Red River • The Corps of Discovery sets off on its journey • The Louisiana Territory is acquired from France for $15 million • Meriwether Lewis and William Clark meet Sacagawea • Enslaved Africans revolt on Hispaniola

3. Use words, phrases, headlines, and drawings to record key ideas, events, and people in each section

4. War at Sea • British have hundreds of ships, U.S. has about 20, but British ships were spread around the world • Americans were able to win several one-on-one battles • British blockade America’s seaports

5. Battles Along the Canadian Border • Americans wanted to invade Canada • Attack from Detroit failed when British soldiers and Native Americans captured Fort Detroit • Other American attacks failed when American militia troops would not fight in Canada • U.S. tried to break Britain’s control of Lake Erie • Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry wins battle and gives U.S. new hope • General William Henry Harrison moves troops into Canada where the death of Tecumseh hurt the alliance between the British and the Native Americans

6. The Creek War • A war with the Creek Indians erupted in the South • Creeks were upset that Americans were pushing into their lands • General Andrew Jackson, commander of the Tennessee militia, gathered 2000 volunteers and attacked the Creek in Alabama • The Treaty of Fort Jackson ended the Creek War and forced the Creek to give up millions of acres of land

7. British Attacks in the East • British sent more troops to U.S. after defeating France in another war • British attack the American capital, Washington, D.C. • President James Madison was forced to leave the capital • British burned the White House, the Capitol, and other buildings • British move on to nearby Baltimore, MD • City guarded by Fort McHenry, which the Brits attacked for 25 hours, but the Americans refused to surrender • British chose to retreat rather than continue fighting

8. Written at Fort McHenry by Francis Scott Key • Oh, say can you see by the dawn's early lightWhat so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming?Whose broad stripes and bright stars thru the perilous fight,O'er the ramparts we watched were so gallantly streaming?And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air,Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there.Oh, say does that star-spangled banner yet waveO'er the land of the free and the home of the brave? • On the shore, dimly seen through the mists of the deep,Where the foe's haughty host in dread silence reposes,What is that which the breeze, o'er the towering steep,As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses?Now it catches the gleam of the morning's first beam,In full glory reflected now shines in the stream:'Tis the star-spangled banner! Oh long may it waveO'er the land of the free and the home of the brave. • And where is that band who so vauntingly sworeThat the havoc of war and the battle's confusion,A home and a country should leave us no more!Their blood has washed out of of their foul footsteps' pollution.No refuge could save the hireling and slave'From the terror of flight and the gloom of the grave:And the star-spangled banner in triumph doth waveO'er the land of the free and the home of the brave. • Oh! thus be it ever, when freemen shall standBetween their loved home and the war's desolation!Blest with victory and peace, may the heav'n rescued landPraise the Power that hath made and preserved us a nation.Then conquer we must, when our cause it is just,And this be our motto: "In God is our trust."And the star-spangled banner in triumph shall waveO'er the land of the free and the home of the brave.

9. The Battle of New Orleans • After the attack of Washington, British turned their attention to New Orleans to try to capture the Mississippi River in January 1815 • Andrew Jackson commanded an army of soldiers, free African Americans, Native Americans, state militias, and pirates at the battle • 5300 British troops attacked the 4500 Americans, but were caught in an open field • British were shot down quickly, with over 2000 casualties in the battle, Americans suffered about 70 casualties • The battle made Andrew Jackson a national hero and was the last battle of the War of 1812

10. Effects of the War • Before the Battle of New Orleans, the war ended • The Treaty of Ghent was signed on December 24, 1814 • Andrew Jackson knew nothing about the end of the war, which is why the Battle of New Orleans started two weeks later • Nothing changed as far as territory, but there were effects • New sense of patriotism for having again stood up to the British(some called it the second war for independence) • Native American resistance was weakened • Manufacturing was boosted – stronger economy

11. Follow Up Questions • What country did the U.S. fight in the War of 1812? • Great Britain • What general attacked into Canada? • William Henry Harrison • Name at least one building that was burned by the British forces? • White House, the Capitol building • Who was the hero at the Battle of New Orleans? • Andrew Jackson