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Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud. By: Melanie Perkins. Background. Freud attended the University of Vienna. Founder of psychoanalysis In 1886 he opened a private practice specializing in nervous and brain disorders. He practiced hypnotism and gave that up when he discovered using free association.

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Sigmund Freud

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  1. Sigmund Freud By: Melanie Perkins

  2. Background • Freud attended the University of Vienna. • Founder of psychoanalysis • In 1886 he opened a private practice specializing in nervous and brain disorders. • He practiced hypnotism and gave that up when he discovered using free association. • He died in 1939 by physician-assisted suicide he requested. He was not able to tolerate the pain from mouth cancer. He smoked and was a chronic user of cocaine.

  3. Theory of Psychosexual Development • He understood “sexual desire” as terms of formative drives. • Established a rigid model the normal sexual development. • The ages he gives are very rough approximates due to individuals develop differently. • Age 0-2 is when development of all desires were oriented to the lips and mouth (oral phase). • Food • Milk • Anything the hands can get a hold of. Continued………………

  4. Sadistic-anal Phase • Age 2-4 is when development of all desires were the sadistic-anal phase. • The split between active and passive impulses. • A child’s pleasure in defecation is connected to the pleasure in creating something of their own. (For a women is later transferred to child bearing). Continued……………

  5. Phallic Phase • Age 4-7 is when development of all desires were the child becomes fascinated with urinating, which is pleasurable. Latency Period • Age 7-12 is when development of all desires were freed from the parents. • Love others Continued…………………..

  6. Genital Phase From 13 yrs. onward is the final genital phase. • Desire members of the opposite sex and fulfill the instinct to procreate and ensure the survival of the human race.

  7. Theory of the unconscious • We are born with our i.d. • The i.d. thinks of it’s own satisfaction. • When hungry the i.d. wants food so, the child cries. • No care for time, doesn’t matter what the parent is doing. Continued……………….

  8. Ego • Based on the reality principle. • The job of the ego is to meet the needs of the i.d. while taking into consideration the reality of the situation. Superego (conscience) • By the age 5 or end of phallic stage • Moral part of us, develops due to the moral and ethical restraints placed on us by our caregiver.

  9. Theory of Repression • Repressed memory caused by traumatic events • Affects the conscious thought, desire and action. • The memory maybe forgotten but not forgiven. • May cause psychological and physical problems from bulimia to insomnia to suicide. • The mind automatically banishes traumatic events from the memory to prevent anxiety. • This may cause “neurosis” which could be cured if the memories were brought to the surface.

  10. Theory of Neuroses • Neurosis is the formation of behavioral or psychosomatic symptoms as a result of the return of the repressed. • Neurotic that needs treatment is when it prevents enjoyment and active achievement in life. • Psychosis is when a person has lost touch with reality. • A person only falls ill of a neurosis if the ego has lost the capacity to allocate his libido in some way.

  11. Theory of transference and Trauma • Psychoanalytical talking must pass through the transference by transferring earlier psychosexual conflicts onto the relationship between therapist and patient. • The conflict is re-enacted to bring it to the conscious. • The therapist guides the patient to a healthy solution to the original conflict leading to the removal of the symptom.

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