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United States Military Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) Spectrum Management Challenges - Update

Explore the evolving trends and challenges in UAS spectrum management, including new missions, communication needs, and mitigation techniques. Discover band allocations and spectrum requirements for different UAS platforms to support U.S. policy goals.

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United States Military Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) Spectrum Management Challenges - Update

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  1. U.S. UNCLASSIFIED United States Military Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) Spectrum Management Challenges - Update Marvin Hammond The MITRE Corporation mhammond@mitre.org

  2. UAS Trends • Substantial U.S investment far beyond 2020 • New strike, surveillance, and special forces missions • New communication and sensor requirements being evaluated • Wide mixture of platforms with flexible tasking – DoD (now with DHS and FAA interest)

  3. UAS Trends • Growing bandwidth and multiple band requirements • Sensors and communications driving factors • Potential Mitigation Techniques • Data compression • Bandwidth efficient modulation techniques • Smart Pull

  4. Example UAS Spectrum Needs <1GHz 1 – 6 GHz 6- 10 GHz >10 GHz Dragon Eye X X Pointer X X Shadow X X Hunter X Predator X X Global Hawk X X X

  5. Band Allocations = Exclusive Federal = Exclusive Civil = Shared Federal/Civil UAS Spectrum Needs(Communications Links,NAVAIDS, Sensor) RF Link, Frequency 1. UHF Satcom, 225 - 400 MHz 2. Radar Altimeter, 4300 MHz 3. Sensor suite, 8 - 10 GHz 4. IFF, 1030 MHz 5. Ku Commercial Satcom Downlink, 11.7 GHz 6.IFF, 1090 MHz 7. GPS L2, 1227 MHz 8. Differential GPS, 113 MHz 9. Ku Satcom Uplink, 14.0 GHz 10. GPS L1, 1575 MHz 11. Flight test telemetry, 2387 MHz 1 8 11 7 10 1 4 6 2 9 3 5

  6. RQ-4 Global Hawk RF Hunter UAS Predator Pioneer SUAS Shadow 200 Current UAS Architecture Satellite Segment Altitude High (>50K ft.) Medium (16-49K ft.) Low (<15K ft.) Forward Deployed UAS Processing and Exploitation Node/Launch & Recovery Element (may or may not be collocated) Fixed UAS Processing and Exploitation Node Surface

  7. DoD Goals • Medium-Large UAS: • Line of sight links UAS migrate to 14/15 GHz Band for some systems (alternative bands noted) • Beyond line of sight links migrate to military satellite platforms 20/30 GHz considered the best solution • SUAS: • Spectrum flexibility with multiple channels & multiple bands • Prior notification and coordination of SUAS usage in theater with the COCOMS is essential • National Air Space Concerns: • Work closely with NTIA, FCC and FAA to address safety and control issues • Evaluating Spectrum Requirements for Support of U.S. Policy Goals

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