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Exploring Matter: Elements, Compounds, Mixtures and Solutions

Explore the diverse world of matter, from elements to mixtures and solutions. Discover the properties and types of mixtures, elements, compounds, and solutions, including colloids and alloys. Learn about atoms, chemical symbols, compounds, and molecules, and understand chemical equations and laws of conservation. Delve into the fundamental concepts of chemistry in a comprehensive manner.

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Exploring Matter: Elements, Compounds, Mixtures and Solutions

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  1. Chapters 3 Notes Matter 2.2 lbs = 1 kg 1 kg = 9.8 N

  2. I.Classes of Matter -Matter exists as elements, compounds, mixtures, or solutions *Homogeneous matter: identical properties throughout. Ex: salt h20

  3. *Heterogeneous matter: different properties Ex. Fruit salad, shovel of dirt

  4. II. Mixtures pp41 *two or more substances mixed together but not chemically combined.

  5. A. Properties of Mixtures -substances keep their separate ident and most of their own prop. -may chng in physical appearance. Ex. Sugar and water, mp, bp

  6. -subst can be present in any amnt. -subst can be separated out.

  7. B. Types of Mixtures 1.Heterogeneous mixture *particles are large enough to be seen and settle out. EX: concrete

  8. 2. Homogeneous mixture *particles very small and do not settle out. EX: Stainless steel http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5WlAFh8pz8w&feature=PlayList&p=47BB099622F71994&index=10 #6(homo and hetero mixtures)

  9. *Colloids: Larger particles but left in suspension Ex: smoke,

  10.  C. Solutions *one substance dissolves in another. Ex. Ocean water, tea, air.

  11. -3 Important Prop of Solutions 1.part not large enough to be seen 2.part. are evenly spread out(all parts of sol are ident) 3.solution doesn’t settle out of time

  12. *Alloy: solids dissolved in solids ex: brass, sterling silver DEMO

  13. III. Elements *Pure Subst: made of only one kind of material and has definite prop *Element: simplest pure subst. ; cannot be chngd into simpler subst by heating or any chem process -Ex

  14. A.   Elements and Atoms pp39 *Atom: smallest particle of an element with the prop. of that element.

  15.  B. Chem Symbols *represent elements

  16. IV. Compounds pp40 *two or more elements chem. combined. Ex: sugar, baking soda, TNT

  17. A compound is two or more elements combined together. • This is a picture of a salt compound.

  18.  -Can be broken down into simp subst. >by heating, electricity

  19. -The prop of a cmpnd are very diff from the prop of the elements in it.

  20. *Molecules: 2 or more atoms chem. bonded together. -smallest particle of a cmpnd that has all the prop of that cmpnd.

  21. A molecule is the smallest particle of a substance that exists alone. • This is a picture of a water molecule. It is two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen.

  22. *Chemical Formulas: 1. What it is 2. How much

  23.  *Chemical equation: description of a chem. rxn using symbols and formulas.

  24. Chemical equation: • What you put in • What you get out • How much

  25. *Law of conservation of mass: *Law of conservation of nrg: *nrg: ability to do work pp77

  26. *Diatomic Molecules: (super 7) Br, I, N, Cl, H, O, F

  27. *Chemical Rxn: 1. Bubbles 2. Formation of a precipitate 3. Heat and light given off pp184

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