Unit 8 Love and Be Loved (Genuine Love)

1. Unit 8 Love and Be Loved (Genuine Love)

2. New words and expressions for Reading One • spell out: If you spell something out, you explain it in detail or in a very clear way. • Be assertive and spell out exactly how you feel... • How many times do I have to spell it out? • The report spelled out in detail what the implications were for teacher training.

3. denotation: The denotation of a word is its meaning or what it refers to. • dominion: Dominion is control or authority. (FORMAL) • They truly believe they have dominion over us. • The King held dominion over a vast area.

4. carnally: sexually or physically • coerce: If you coerce someone into doing something, you make them do it, although they do not want to. (FORMAL) • coerce somebody into (doing) something • Potter had argued that the government coerced him into pleading guilty... • = pressurize

5. requisite: A requisite is something which is necessary for a particular purpose. (FORMAL) • An understanding of accounting techniques is a major requisite for the work of the analysts.

6. compact: formal an agreement between countries or people: • A compact was negotiated between the company and the union.

7. without strings:If something is offered to you with no strings attached or with no or without strings, it is offered without any special conditions or limits. • Aid should be given to developing countries with no strings attached. • The policy（保险单）offers 15% interest with no strings attached.

8. disinterested: Someone who is disinterested is not involved in a particular situation or not likely to benefit from it and is therefore able to act in a fair and unselfish way. • Scientists, of course, can be expected to be impartial and disinterested... • = impartial, objective, unbiased

9. reciprocity: Reciprocity is the exchange of something between people or groups of people when each person or group gives or allows something to the other. (FORMAL) • They gave assurances they would press for reciprocity with Greece in the issuing of visas.

10. ontological: Ontology is the branch of philosophy that deals with the nature of existence. “Ontological” is the adjective form. • empirical: Empirical evidence or study relies on practical experience rather than theories. • There is no empirical evidence to support his thesis.

11. reciprocate: If your feelings or actions towards someone are reciprocated, the other person feels or behaves in the same way towards you as you have felt or behaved towards them. • ...he reciprocated Mr Prescott’s good wishes... • 他答谢了普雷斯科特先生的祝福。 • It was a hopeless love that could not possibly be reciprocated.

12. a priori: An a priori argument, reason, or probability is based on an assumed principle or fact, rather than on actual observed facts. • manipulation: Shrewd or devious management, especially for one's own advantage.

13. tenuous: If you describe something such as a connection, a reason, or someone’s position as tenuous, you mean that it is very uncertain or weak. • The cultural and historical links between the many provinces were seen to be very tenuous... • ≠ strong

14. outlaw: When something is outlawed, it is made illegal. • In 1975 gambling was outlawed... • The German government has outlawed some fascist groups. • ...the outlawed political parties. • The bill would have outlawed several types of guns. • = ban

15. prelude: You can describe an event as a prelude to a more important event when it happens before it and acts as an introduction to it. • Most unions see privatisation as an inevitable prelude to job losses... • Living together as a prelude to marriage is now considered acceptable in many countries.

16. intertwine: If two or more things are intertwined or intertwine, they are closely connected with each other in many ways. • Their destinies are intertwined... • He intertwines personal reminiscences with the story of British television... • Her fate intertwined with his. • = interweave

17. self-contained: You can describe someone or something as self-contained when they are complete and separate and do not need help or resources from outside. • He seems completely self-contained and he doesn’t miss you when you’re not there... • ...self-contained economic blocs.

18. refute: If you refute an argument, accusation, or theory, you prove that it is wrong or untrue. (FORMAL) • It was the kind of rumour that it is impossible to refute. • = disprove

19. creed: A creed is a set of beliefs, principles, or opinions that strongly influence the way people live or work. (FORMAL) • ...their devotion to their creed of self-help. • = credo

20. supersede: If something is superseded by something newer, it is replaced because it has become old-fashioned or unacceptable. • Hand tools are relics of the past that have now been superseded by the machine.

21. dichotomy: If there is a dichotomy between two things, there is a very great difference or opposition between them. (FORMAL) • There is a dichotomy between the academic world and the industrial world. • a dichotomy between his public and private lives

22. outlet: An outlet is a channel through which liquid or air can flow away or out. • inlet: An inlet is a channel that allows water to flow in. • divisive: Something that is divisive causes unfriendliness and argument between people. • Abortion has always been a divisive issue... • The strike was a divisive issue in the community.

23. Check Your Comprehension B • 1. Man has been trying to explain what genuine love is ever since mankind came into being. Man has been troubled by problems in his relationship with other men ever since he was able to tell what is right or wrong.

24. 2. It is strongly believed that one’s love will finally be returned (if not at the very beginning) as loving someone will change the person being loved and make him a better person. • 3. The people we love are our goal. They are not to be used or exploited to achieve our other goals.

25. 4. What happens if one of the two people in love stops loving the other one or one is not able to give as much love to the other person as he/she receives from her/him? • 5. The physical love and the spiritual love are closely connected and are not separable. • 6. If we take a philosophical perspective, love should be extended to all people in the world, rather than to particular persons.

26. Check Your Vocabulary A

28. New words and expressions for Reading Two • bogged down: If you get bogged down in something, it prevents you from making progress or getting something done; if a process or plan becomes bogged down, it is delayed so that no progress is made; if something gets bogged down, it becomes stuck in soft ground and is unable to move • Don’t let yourself get bogged down in minor details.

29. Talks to settle the pay dispute have becomebogged down. • The car got bogged down in the mud. • Meridian:a middle school computer technologies journal, specifically an electronic journal dedicated to research and practice of computer technology in middle school classrooms

30. stake:a territorial division of the Mormon Church consisting of a group of wards under the jurisdiction of a president 摩门主教管辖区 • blockbuster: A blockbuster is a film or book that is very popular and successful, usually because it is very exciting. (INFORMAL) • wizard: In legends and fairy stories, a wizard is a man who has magic powers.

31. The Wizard of Oz: 绿野仙踪 • spectacular: Something that is spectacular is very impressive or dramatic. • The results have been spectacular. • It was a spectacular morning, and I was happy to hang out.

32. intermission: An intermission is a short break between two parts of a film, concert, or show. • After the first two films there was an intermission. • We talked for a time during the intermission and met afterward for coffee. • = interval, interlude

33. corsage: A corsage is a very small bunch of flowers that is fastened to a woman's dress below the shoulder. • depot: A depot is a bus station or railway station. (AM) • ecstatic: If you are ecstatic, you feel very happy and full of excitement. • His wife gave birth to their first child, and he was ecstatic about it...

34. keepsake: A keepsake is a small present that someone gives you so that you will not forget them. • celestial: If you describe something as celestial, you mean that it is heavenly or wonderful.

35. Lawrence Welk: (March 11, 1903 – May 17, 1992) was a musician, accordionist, bandleader, and television impresario, hosting The Lawrence Welk Show from 1951 to 1982. His style came to be known to his large number of radio, television, and live-performance fans as “champagne music” . He is a 1961 inductee of North Dakota's Roughrider Award.

36. Check Your Comprehension A • 1. Doris Kirkham had agreed to go on a date with a young man who had a strong feeling of attraction for her. • 2. After that, they rarely went out with anyone else. Even if they did so, they certainly had no interest in the other people they went out with.

37. 3. Some of these young men who luckily did not die in action were not able to handle their life after what they had experienced on the battlefield. • 4. Finally even Maurice who was a farmer was called to the battlefield. • 5. He told Doris that she was so pretty that the beautiful corsage looked plain when compared with her.

38. 6. He did not know that the corsage had been lovingly kept by Doris as an important item of a cherished memory of him.

39. Check Your Comprehension B

40. Check Your Comprehension B

41. Check Your Comprehension B

42. New words and expressions for Reading Three • distortion: Distortion is the changing of the appearance or sound of something in a way that makes it seem strange or unclear. • Audio signals can be transmitted along cables without distortion.

43. spontaneously: naturally • Usually a woman's breasts produce milk spontaneously after the birth... • facade: A facade is an outward appearance which is deliberately false and gives you a wrong impression about someone or something. • They hid the troubles plaguing their marriage behind a facade of family togetherness. • = show, semblance

44. telepathy: If you refer to telepathy, you mean the direct communication of thoughts and feelings between people's minds, without the need to use speech, writing, or any other normal signals. • Many of us find it very difficult to state our needs. We expect people to know by telepathy what we are feeling.

45. disclose: If you disclose new or secret information, you tell people about it. • Neither side would disclose details of the transaction... • The company disclosed that he will retire in May. • = reveal

46. withhold: If you withhold something that someone wants, you do not let them have it. (FORMAL) • Police withheld the dead boy’s name yesterday until relatives could be told... • Financial aid for Britain has been withheld...

47. solitude:Solitude is the state of being alone, especially when this is peaceful and pleasant. • He enjoyed his moments of solitude before the pressures of the day began... • mutuality:mutual character, quality, or activity • a high degree of mutuality of respect for each other’s expertise • 相互对对方造诣的高度尊重

48. detracting:If one thing detracts from another, it makes it seem less good or impressive. “Detracting” is the adjective. • counter-productive: Something that is counter-productive achieves the opposite result from the one that you want to achieve. • In practice, however, such an attitude is counter-productive...

49. Check your comprehension • 1. I trusted her and told her all that was on my mind. • 2. I try to be good at revealing my true self to my lover so that she will see/know everything about me. • 3. I will always tell my love partner what I like so that she does not have to guess what pleases me and what does not.

50. Check your comprehension • 4. I will tell my love partner what I prefer rather than demand what I want. • 5. Self-disclosure means sincerity, truthfulness and being what you are. • 6. If love partners don’t talk to each other, they won’t become close to each other. • 7. Too much jealousy will surely make you lose the person you do not want to lose.