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NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTER OF AQUACULTURE EL ZARCO S.A.G.A.R.P.A. MVZ. Gerardo Zamora

EVALUATION OF REPRODUCTION AND GROWTH IN CULTURE OF NATIVE MEXICAN TROUTS ( Oncorhynchus spp ) FROM NORTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA , MEXICO. NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTER OF AQUACULTURE EL ZARCO S.A.G.A.R.P.A. MVZ. Gerardo Zamora. MEXICAN NATIVE TROUT DISTRIBUTION Robert J. Behnke.

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NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTER OF AQUACULTURE EL ZARCO S.A.G.A.R.P.A. MVZ. Gerardo Zamora

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  1. EVALUATION OF REPRODUCTION AND GROWTH IN CULTURE OF NATIVE MEXICAN TROUTS (Oncorhynchus spp) FROM NORTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA , MEXICO. NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTER OF AQUACULTURE EL ZARCO S.A.G.A.R.P.A. MVZ. Gerardo Zamora

  2. MEXICAN NATIVE TROUT DISTRIBUTION Robert J. Behnke

  3. GENERAL OBJETIVES OF PREVIOUS REPORTS • CONTINENTAL DISTRIBUTION OF SALMONIDS. • MIGRATION AREAS OF MEXICAN TROUTS. • HEAT STRESS TOLERANCE. • TAXONOMY STUDIES • GENERAL DESCRIPTIONS COPE 1886 NELSON, E.W. 1898. MEEK 1904 EVERMANN 1908 NEEDHAM 1955 MILLER, R.R. 1950’S LEOPOLD, FINDLEY and. HENDRICKSON

  4. ACTUAL STATUS • COMMERCIAL TROUT FARMS • 54 in Chihuahua and 12 in Durango • INVOLUNTARY MIGRATION • GENETIC CROSSES WITHOUT OBJETIVES • GENETIC CONTAMINATION • LOST OF ORIGINAL TRAITS • TRAPS DEVELOPMENT • OFFICIAL NORM FOR GENETIC PROPOUSES. • (IN PROGRES)

  5. MEXICAN NATIVE TROUT(Oncorhynchus spp.)IN CAPTIVITY • REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS EVALUATION • GROWTH TRAIT EVALUATION • DESCRIPTION AND ETHOLOGY OBJETIVES

  6. MEXICAN NATIVECAPTURE • CAPTURED:OCTUBER, 1999 • PLACE: EL LARGO, CHIHUAHUA • RIVERS: • CHUHUICHUPA Lat 29º45’23“ N Long 108º26‘18“ W • GUAYNOPA Lat 29º31‘46“N Long 108º31‘08“ W • ALTITUDE 1700 A 1800 m. o.s.l. • DEEP: 30 - 120 cm. • WATER TEMP. 12°C A 14°C

  7. CAPTURED

  8. Plastic bag

  9. AIR TRANSPORTACION

  10. NATIONAL CENTER FOR AQUACULTURE EL ZARCOS.A.G.A.R.P.A. • EGG – EYED AND OFFSPRING RAINBOW TROUT PRODUCTION • NATIVE MEXICAN GENETIC BANK ( ex situ) FOR RESEARCH

  11. NATIVE TROUT DESCRIPTION • TOTAL LENGTH AVERAGE 12 cm. • DORSAL FIN EDGE: ORANGE BRIGTH • FINS: RED BRITGH • VENTRAL AND ANNAL FINS: EDGE WITH. • SPARR SPOTS: EARLY AGES. • MALES: BRIGTH COLORS

  12. REPRODUCTIVE INDIVIDUAL OF NATIVE TROUTGONADS IN DEVELOPMENT

  13. REPRODUCTIVE FEMALE August 2001

  14. REPRODUCTIVE MALE August 2001

  15. REPRODUCTIVE METHODS

  16. OBSERVATION AND EVALUATIONPERIODICALLY

  17. ARTIFICIAL REPRODUCTION JANUARY TO MARCH 2000dry method

  18. RESULTS • EGG PRODUCTION: 88 TO 150 eggs • DIAMETER of the EGG 3.6± 0.2 mm • EGG WEIGHT 39 ± 5 mg. • INCUBATION 11º C WATER TEMPERATURE

  19. EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT • EGG EYED 18 DAYS • FERTILITY 60% • HATCH 30 TO 35 DAYS • VIABILITY 80%

  20. VITELIN SAC ABSORTION 28 A 31 DAYS VIABILIDAD 70% GROWTH 60 DAYS WEIGHT 63 mg. LENGTH 2.1 cm 455 DAYS WEIGHT 14 gr. (10-29 gr) LENGTH 12 cm. (10 -17 cm)

  21. ETHOLOGY • MALES: AGRESIVE AND NERVOUS • LIVE FOOD ONLY • RESISTENCE TO MANAGEMENT

  22. DISCUSSION • No previous results has been reported. • This can be a new specie o variety of Oncorhynchus

  23. BEHAVIOR COMPARATION WITH DOMESTIC TROUT (Oncorhynchus mykiss) • SAME EMBRYONAL DEVELOPMENT TIME • VITELIN SAC ABSORPTION REQUIRES (28 to 31 vs 18 days) • SLOW GROWTH • ONLY LIVE FOOD • NATURAL BREEDING

  24. RECOMMENDATION • MORE STUDIES IN DIFFERENT STAGES TO EVALUATE GROWTH. • MOLECULAR GENETICS • mtDNA GENETIC SECUENCESTO ANALYZE GENETIC STRUCTURE • GENETIC RELATIONS WITH OTHER PACIFIC SALMONIDS

  25. GRATEFULNESS • SECRETARIA DE AGRICULTURA, GANADERIA, DESARROLLO RURAL, PESCA Y ALIMENTACION • DELEGACION ESTATAL EN EL ESTADO DE MEXICO • COMISION NACIONAL DE ACUACULTURA Y PESCA • CONALEP EL ZARCO ESTADO DE MEXICO • APOYADO POR LA FEDERACION MEXICANA DE PESCA DEPORTIVA EN AGUAS INTERIORES A.C. • FACULTAD DE MEDICINA VETERINARIA YZOOT.U.N.A.M.

  26. Oncorhynchus mykiss var. nelsoni

  27. STREAM SAN RAFAEL, SIERRA DE SAN PEDRO MARTIR, B.C.N.

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