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The Cold War [1945-1991]: An Ideological Struggle. Soviet & Eastern Bloc Nations [“Iron Curtain”]. US & the Western Democracies. GOAL “Containment” of Communism & the eventual collapse of the Communist world. [ George Kennan ]. GOAL spread world-wide Communism. METHODOLOGIES:
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The Cold War [1945-1991]: An Ideological Struggle Soviet & Eastern Bloc Nations[“Iron Curtain”] US & the Western Democracies GOAL “Containment” of Communism & the eventual collapse of the Communist world.[George Kennan] GOAL spread world-wide Communism • METHODOLOGIES: • Espionage [KGB vs. CIA] • Arms Race [nuclear escalation] • Ideological Competition for the minds and hearts of Third World peoples [Communist govt. & command economy vs. democratic govt. & capitalist economy] “proxy wars” • Bi-Polarization of Europe [NATO vs. Warsaw Pact]
George Kennan [“X Article”]: CONTAINMENTGoals Means Actual Application • Restorationof the balance of power Encouragement of self-confidence in nations threatened by Soviet expansion. Long-term program of U.S. economic assistance [Marshall Plan] Exploitation of tensions in international communism. Cooperation with communist regimes; [supporting Titoism in Yugoslavia] • Reduction of Soviet ability to project outside power.
George Kennan [“X Article”]: CONTAINMENTGoals Means Actual Application • Modification of the Soviet concept of international relations. Negotiating settlement of outstanding differences. Using “carrots & sticks’; containing Germany with an embrace and Russia at arms length.
Korean War[1950-1953] Kim Il-Sung Syngman Rhee “Domino Theory”