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Minerals

Minerals. Oleh : Dr. Ir. Bambang Hendro S. SU. Yogyakarta, 14 Oktober 2004. Definitions. Element : A substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by ordinary chemical means Atom - : The smallest possible particle of an

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Minerals

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  1. Minerals Oleh : Dr. Ir. Bambang Hendro S. SU Yogyakarta, 14 Oktober 2004

  2. Definitions Element : A substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by ordinary chemical means Atom - : The smallest possible particle of an element that still retains the properties of that element Mineral - : a naturally occurring solid that has a specific chemical composition in a periodically repeating arrangement of atoms. Rock - : An aggregate composed of one or more minerals

  3. Earth's Chemical Composition

  4. The AtomComponents • Nucleus • Protons • Neutrons • Shells • Electrons

  5. The AtomStructure

  6. The AtomThe Quantum View

  7. The AtomAtomic Number

  8. The AtomAtomic Mass

  9. Ionization

  10. Ionic Bonding

  11. Covalent Bonding

  12. Crystals Crystals YBa2Cu3O7 Supercrystal YBa2Cu3O7 Supercrystal Galena Halite

  13. MINERALS Crystal unit cells

  14. Minerals Silicates Non-Silicates Feldspars Quartz Micas Amphibole Pyroxene Olivine Clay Minerals Carbonates Oxides Halides Sulfates Sulfides Native Elements

  15. SilicatesThe Silicon-Oxygen Tetrahedron

  16. Silicate Crystalline StructuresIsolated Tetrahedra Olivine (Mg,Fe)2SiO4

  17. Silicate Crystalline StructuresTetrahedra Chain Pyroxene CaMg(SiO3)2

  18. Silicate Crystalline StructuresDouble Tetrahedra Chain Amphibole Ca2Mg5(Si4O11)2(OH)2 Actinolite Fibrous Amphibole

  19. Silicate Crystalline StructuresSheet Tetrahedra Mica KAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2

  20. Silicate Crystalline StructuresFramework Tetrahedra Quartz SiO2 Potassium Feldspar (Orthoclase) KalSi3O8

  21. MINERALS Properties color streak specific gravity hardness luster effervescence cleavage crystal form

  22. fiberous cleavage fiberous cleavage 3-D cleavage

  23. 1-D cleavage 1-D cleavage 2-D cleavage

  24. No cleavage No cleavage

  25. color

  26. streak hardness

  27. radioactive effervescence

  28. Fluorescent in UV light

  29. Beryl Quartz Hexagonal crystals

  30. Salt (cubic) Ice (hexagonal)

  31. Garnet (dodecahedron)

  32. Created By ; Pedology Laboratory Gadjah Mada university • Yogyakarta • Editor By : Mr. Bambang Hendro S. • Ass By : Gus Sholah • Mas Doy • Alhamdulillah Bye Bye …….

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