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Communication in Substations: IEC61850 1.2 : MAIN FEATURES

Communication in Substations: IEC61850 1.2 : MAIN FEATURES. Sudhakar RAMPURKAR / AnshumanBHALLA 26th & 27th October 2009. IEC 61850 -Scope. F3: data exchange within bay level. IF7: data exchange between substation (level) and a remote engineer’s workplace.

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Communication in Substations: IEC61850 1.2 : MAIN FEATURES

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  1. Communication in Substations:IEC618501.2 : MAIN FEATURES Sudhakar RAMPURKAR / AnshumanBHALLA 26th & 27th October 2009

  2. IEC 61850 -Scope • F3: data exchange within bay level • IF7: data exchange between substation (level) and a remote engineer’s workplace IF10: control-data exchange between substation (devices) and a remote control center • IF1: Protection-data exchange between bay and station level • IF2: protection-data exchange between bay level and remote protection • IF4: CT and VT instantaneous data exchange (especially samples) between process and bay level • IF5: control-data exchange between process and bay level

  3. Logical Interfaces • IF1: protection-data exchange between bay and station level • IF2: protection-data exchange between bay level and remote protection • IF3: data exchange within bay level • IF4: CT and VT instantaneous data exchange (especially samples) between process and bay level • IF5: control-data exchange between process and bay level

  4. Logical Interfaces • IF6: control-data exchange between bay and station level • IF7: data exchange between substation (level) and a remote engineer’s workplace • IF8: direct data exchange between the bays especially for fast functions like interlocking • IF9: data exchange within station level • IF10: control-data exchange between substation (devices) and a remote control centre One Technology One Standard

  5. IEC 61850 Standard • Uses the strengths of the OSI 7 layer communication model • Station bus • Communication between IED and master stations • Data polled by Master from IED (buffered or un-buffered) • Inter IED data exchange through multi-cast GOOSE messages • Process bus • Communication between plant equipment and IEDs (switchgear, instrument transformers) • Exchange of sampled values • Bus separation is becoming less distinct Standardised data models for all applications

  6. Station Bus • Communication within and between Unit and Station levels

  7. Station bus 8-1 • Main backbone linking IEDs to controllers • Protocol uses Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) -ISO 9506 • Most IEC61850 functionality mapped to MMS: • Controls • Reports • Get data • Settings • File Transfers

  8. Process Bus • Communication within and between Process and Unit levels

  9. Process bus 9-2 • Data Exchange at process level • Protocol uses Manufacturing Messaging System (MMS) • IEC61850 functions applied • GOOSE • Sampled values

  10. IEC 61850 –“Communication networks and systems in substations” • Fully supports all substation automation functions comprising control, protection and monitoring • A global standard and the key to interoperable solutions • Future-proof architecture, easy extension and safeguarding Investments • Optimisation of system architectures possible (scalable technology) • Provides engineering and maintenance support by means of the substation configuration language based on XML • Uses readily available industrial Ethernet and communication components

  11. IEC61850 System devices • Merging Units • Binary Interface Units • Integrated Field Units • Intelligent Multifunction Devices • Communication Devices • Computers for Substation Integration • Real Time Computers

  12. Substation Automation Functions • Protection • Automation • Control • Measurements • Metering • Recording • Analysis

  13. IEC 61850: Services • Control • Buffered and Unbuffered Report • Logging • GOOSE (fast inter-device communication) • Setting Group • Sampled Value • Time Synchronisation • File Transfer

  14. IEC61850 System tools • Engineering • Configuration • Integration • Analysis • Testing • Time synchronisation

  15. IEC61850 functionalities for Alstom Grid products

  16. Phase 2 enhancements

  17. Master Slave Connection model • In a Master-Slave relation only one master is acting at a time • The master polls the various clients then distributes the information to the applications • If the master fails then a back-up master may be used • Popular in legacy serial protocols

  18. Client Server Connection model • In a client-server relation each application (client) requests in parallel what it exactly needs from each server: • Clients are typically HMIs and Gateways; servers are typically bay controllers, protection, measurement centres • Applications do not go through a central point therefore they get the information in a faster and more reliable way • Failure of a client does not affect the other clients • A new client might be added without changing the existing communications

  19. Reporting Vs Polling • Reports transmit data based on a condition being met Ex: Change of state • Reports are more efficient than polling • Data are transmitted only when there is a need to transmit them, therefore reducing network and application load • Polling cycle might be too long compared to the application dynamic and loses events, contrary to report • Report is fully compatible with client-server mode • It can be emulated on master-slave mode but less efficiently

  20. Does IEC 61850 standardise a stationor process bus?

  21. Does IEC 61850 standardise a stationor process bus?

  22. Does IEC 61850 standardise a stationor process bus? • IEC 61850 defines neither a station bus nor a process bus • IEC 61850 defines no communication network architecture • IEC 61850 provides solutions for different communication requirements independent of a station or process bus • IEC 61850 defines Ethernet for all levels

  23. Free Configuration of communication (1) • Hardwired & point to point links • Point to Point • Hardwired

  24. Free Configuration of communication (2) • Separate station and process bus networks • Station bus • Process bus

  25. Free Configuration of communication (3) • Single substation bus network • Single bus

  26. Free Configuration of functions to IEDs(1) • Combined protection and control unit

  27. Free Configuration of functions to IEDs(2) • Separate protection, smart switchgear

  28. IEC 61850 Standard -Organisation

  29. IEC 61850 Standard -System Aspects • Part 1 - Introduction and Overview • An introduction and overview of the IEC 61850 standard series. It refers to and includes text and figures from other parts of the IEC 61850 standard series. • Part 2 – Glossary • A collection of specific terminology and definitions used in the context of Substation Automation Systems within the various parts of the standard. • Part 3 -General Requirements • Quality Requirements ( reliability, maintainability, system availability, security) • Environmental conditions • Auxiliary Services • Other standards and specifications

  30. IEC 61850 Standard -System Aspects • Part 4 -System and Project Management • Engineering (parameter classification, engineering tools, documentation) • System lifecycle (product versions, discontinuation, support after discontinuation) • Quality assurance ( responsibilities, test equipment type tests, system tests, FAT and SAT)

  31. IEC 61850 Standard -System Aspects • Part 5 - Communication Requirements for Functions and Device Models • Logical interfaces • Requirements and interoperability • Substation automation system functions: • Function categories and list of functions • Specification of functions • Performance requirements of functions • Logical nodes and PICOMs • Concept • Logical node categories and list of logical nodes • The use of logical nodes, interaction of logical nodes • Specification of message types with performance requirements • List of PICOMsand classification of PICOMsto message types • Performance calculations for typical substation configurations

  32. IEC 61850 Standard -Configuration • Part 6 -Substations automation system configuration language • Overview of intended system engineering process • Definition of system parameter exchange file format based on XML containing: • Primary system schematic (single line) description • Communication connection description • IED capabilities • Allocation of logical instances to primary system • Allocation of logical nodes to physical devices.

  33. IEC 61850 Standard - Data Modelling • Part 7 Basic Communication Structure for Substation and Feeder Equipment • Part 7-1 Principles and Models • Introduction to part 7-x • Concepts of communication modelling in IEC 61850 • Part 7-2 Abstract Communication Service Interface • Specification of abstract communication models and services • Concepts of hierarchical object model • Part 7-3 Common Data Classes • Part 7-4 Compatible Logical node classes and data classes • Definitions of logical node classes and data classes • Logical node classes are composed of data classes

  34. EC 61850 Standard -Station Bus Mapping • Part 8-1 -Mapping to MMS and ISO/IEC 8802-3 • Mapping of communication models from part 7-2 except the model for transmission of sampled values.

  35. IEC 61850 Standard -Process Bus Mapping • Part 9-1 -Sampled values over serial unidirectional multi-drop point to point link • Mapping of the core elements from the model for transmission of sampled measured values. • Use of IEEE 802.3. • Part 9-2 Sampled values over ISO/IEC 8802-3 • Mapping of the complete model for transmission of sampled measured values and the model for generic object oriented system events (GOOSE). • The mapping of the other models of part 7-2 is according to part 8-1.

  36. IEC 61850 Standard -Conformance • Part 10 -Conformance Testing • Conformance test procedure • Quality assurance and testing • Required documentation • Device related conformance testing • Certification of test facilities, requirement and validation of test equipment

  37. What does IEC 61850 achieve? Defines structure for protection and control • System configuration • Communication between bay devices • Standardisedlanguage for describing substation • Fault records in Comtrade format • Standard • communication • with TCP -IP • Time synchronisationwith SNTP • Based on Ethernet standard

  38. Substation Communications Architecture Substation HMI Substation Computer SCADA Master Router WAN Switch IED IED IED IED IED IED IED

  39. System Communications Architecture Traders Analysts EMS EMS SCADA Server ISD Substation j WAN Substation Gateway Substation i Substation 1 Switch Substation 2 IED IED IED IED

  40. New Architecture creates advantages • Corporate • Network TCP/IP • Distributed Intelligence • No more classical Master/ Slave configuration and bottlenecks Engineering Browser HMI Station Unit SCADA-WAN Station Bus Client / Server Architecture with Distributed Intelligence

  41. IEC 61850 –Layout for station bus • Corporate • Network TCP/IP

  42. IEC 61850 –Structure for the next stage • Harmonisation • With CIM • IEC 61970

  43. IEC61850 - The way to an international standard for Substation IT Comprehensive EPRI-project UCA.2 IEC 61850 The international agreed goal IEC 60870-5-101, -103, - 104 experience

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