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Recovered veg oil & animal fat - energy use options -

Recovered veg oil & animal fat - energy use options -. Bernard Rice, Crops Research Centre, Oak Park, Carlow. Raw materials RVO SRM tallow “Clean” tallow. Use options Biodiesel Converted vehicles Heating CHP. Materials and use options. 1. RVO as biodiesel feedstock.

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Recovered veg oil & animal fat - energy use options -

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  1. Recovered veg oil & animal fat - energy use options - Bernard Rice, Crops Research Centre, Oak Park, Carlow

  2. Raw materials RVO SRM tallow “Clean” tallow Use options Biodiesel Converted vehicles Heating CHP Materials and use options

  3. 1. RVO as biodiesel feedstock • Much research in Austria and Ireland • Commercial uptake in Austria • Acceptable biodiesel can be produced from RVO with appropriate plant • RVO quality concerns • Free fatty acids, polymers, saturated fats • Water, solids, oxidation stability

  4. Oil types consumed in Ireland and EU Annual Consumption EU IrelandMt/yr % kt/tr % Soya 1.94 11.4 16.3 11.7 Sunflower 2.15 12.6 9.3 6.7 Rapeseed 2.68 15.8 28.6 20.5 Olive 1.70 10.0 1.9 1.4 Palm 2.05 12.1 16.1 11.6 Tallow & grease 1.36 8.0 10.7 7.7 Other 5.16 30.4 56.4 40.5 Total 17.04 100 139.3 100

  5. Fatty acid profile of Irish RVO

  6. Composition of RVO Country Austria IrelandUK France FFA (%) 0.78 - 2.64 1.9 - 7.4 2.6- 5.8 <4 Water (%) 0.25 - 2.25 1 - 5 0.3 - 1.8 <1 Sat. FA (%) 8.7 - 16.0 6.6 - 21.4 10.6 - 30.2 29 - 36 Mono (%) 49.2 - 59.8 53.5 - 70.5 48 - 71 45 - 53 Poly (%) 25.7 - 34.0 19.5 - 29.5 18.9 - 28.2 14 - 21

  7. Quality of Biodiesel produced from RVO Parameter Austria Ireland Min spec mean Range Viscosity @ 40oC 5.114.86 4.5- 5.1 3.5 - 5.0 CFPP (oC) -6-5.3 0 to -14 0 to -20 Water (ppm) 300 1100700-1900 <300 Oxid. stability (h) 1.7 > 6 CCR (100%) 0.065 .044-.104 0.05

  8. Conclusion • Acceptable biodiesel can be produced from Irish RVO with suitable plant • To justify this plant, scale is vital • Intake quality control needed • FFA, polymers, saturated fats

  9. 2.Recovered veg oil in modified engines • At least one German kit available • Some experience in Ireland • Short-term performance OK • More work needed on • oil pre-treatment • oil quality standard • Not a prospect at present

  10. Viscosities of recovered and virgin oils

  11. Dyna Transporter

  12. 3. RVO for heating and CHP • OK in big burners • but unlikely to be preferred use • Small burners e.g. domestic • problems not yet resolved • CHP a possibility • AER vs. excise remission - balance critical

  13. 4. SRM tallow • Current use - renderers’ boilers • Biodiesel and direct vehicle engine use excluded • CHP? Yes, if justified by green electricity price

  14. 4. Non-SRM tallow for biodiesel • Problems • High saturated fats • high melting point biodiesel • High free fatty acids • high processing costs • Plant design and scale the key factors

  15. 5. Other fuel uses for non-SRM tallow • Direct use in loco engines • German trials in progress • Not a short-term prospect • Heating • Large-scale OK • Problems with small burners • CHP • Depends on green electricity price

  16. Fuel uses for oils/fats Raw materialApplication RVO Biodiesel SRM tallow Converted engines Non-SRM tallow Heating/CHP

  17. Biodiesel and plant scale • All biodiesel production requires big scale • glycerol refining, quality checks, safety with methanol • High FFA feedstocks require more elaborate plant • FFA removal or 2-stage esterification • Minimum capacity? 20kt/yr? • Needs RVO + tallow (+ rape-seed oil)

  18. Conclusions • Biodiesel: RVO, non-SRM tallow and some rape-seed oil needed to reach viable production scale. • CHP: Would need a better green electricity price. • Big boilers: OK for SRM tallow, unlikely to be competitive for the others.

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