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Andrew Jackson

Andrew Jackson. “The Defender of the Union”. Rant Quiz:. The Tariff of 1828 is sometime referred to as the Tariff of _________________________. He was Andrew Jackson’s Vice-President until wrote the “South Carolina Exposition” and openly fought with the President.

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Andrew Jackson

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  1. Andrew Jackson “The Defender of the Union”

  2. Rant Quiz: • The Tariff of 1828 is sometime referred to as the Tariff of _________________________. • He was Andrew Jackson’s Vice-President until wrote the “South Carolina Exposition” and openlyfought with the President. • The theory of ___________________ would allow individual states to determine if a law was constitutional or not. • Robert Hayne of South Carolina and this Senator from Massachusetts engaged in a week-long debate over states’ rights and the tariff question. • A compromise tariff was proposed by this Kentucky Congressman in 1833 that helped to avoid a civil war with South Carolina.

  3. Jackson’s View of “Union” • Andrew Jackson and the Jacksonian Democrats believed that democracy could only be preserved by a strong “Union” between the states. • Any person or idea that threatened the “Union” was seen as dangerous. • Jackson felt that his role as President was to protect democracy by promoting a strong sense of nationalism. • What were some of the expressions of nationalism we examined between 1816-1824?

  4. Nationalism weakens. . . • By 1828, the spirit of nationalism that existed among the states was beginningto erode. • Henry Clay’s American System and especially its protective tariff on imported goods contributed tothe rise ofsectionalism. Why? How did tariff affect the states differently? • Every four years the tariff rates rose. The Tariff of 1828 became so objectionable to Southern politicians that they referred to it as the Tariff of Abominations

  5. Nullification and John C. Calhoun • John C. Calhoun, Jackson’s Vice-President, was from the state of South Carolina. Although he supported the tariff in 1816, the concerns of his state helped to change his opinion by 1828. • In response to the Tariff of Abominations, Calhoun revived the theory of “nullification.” (IS THIS NEW?) • Calhounsecretly advocated for this theory in the “South Carolina Exposition.” (WHY?) • In Jan. 1830, the theory of nullification and states’ rights were debated in the Senate between Robert Hayne (SC) and Daniel Webster (MA). WEBSTER-HAYNE DEBATES • Calhoun’s obvious support of Hayne caused a major problem between Jackson and his Vice-President.

  6. The Nullification Crisis • In 1832, the Tariff of 1828 was set to expire. Congress approved of a new tariff with lower rates. • South Carolina’s state legislature declared the tariff as “null, void and no law” within its borders. • Jackson was furious --- “I will hang the first “nullie” I see from the first tree I can find!” • Congress passes the Force Bill of 1833 which would give Jackson the power to use the Army and Navy to enforce the tariff. • Luckily, Henry Clay is able to avert a civil war by proposing the Compromise Tariff of 1833 which gradually lower tariff rates for the next ten years.

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