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Nationalism in Southeast Asia

Nationalism in Southeast Asia. Section (19.1). US colony since Philippine-American War 4 July 1946 – US grants independence and a stipend in exchange for: Free trade Military bases Are the bases continued imperialism? Is the money economic imperialism? Filipinos look for non-US investment

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Nationalism in Southeast Asia

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  1. Nationalism in Southeast Asia Section (19.1)

  2. US colony since Philippine-American War • 4 July 1946 – US grants independence and a stipend in exchange for: • Free trade • Military bases • Are the bases continued imperialism? Is the money economic imperialism? • Filipinos look for non-US investment • US forced out in 1992 The Philippines

  3. Ferdinand Marcos elected president in 1956 • Imposed martial law and runs the country until 1986 • Chief rival B. Aquino loses his head • Stole millions from the state Trouble in the Philippines

  4. Widow Corazon Aquino runs in 1986 election and wins • Marcos tries to block her victory • People rebel • Aquino rewrites the constitution • True democracyand term limits for the president REVENGE!!

  5. Muslim separatist group, Abu Sayyaf, wants a separate Muslim state in the Southern Islands • Have blown up ferries, beheaded foreign tourists, assassinated people…usual SOP But wait…there’s more

  6. Britain grants freedom in 1948 • Instant chaos between democrats, military strongmen, communists, and minority groups • Par for the course really… Burma/Myanmar

  7. 1962 – General Ne Win creates a military run socialist state • 1988 – Aung San SuuKyi tries to start democratic movement • He has been under house arrest, on and off, since 1988 Military Dictatorship

  8. 1988 multi-party elections allowed • Kyi’s party wins 80% of the vote • Military refutes the results • 2007 – Buddhist monks lead people in uprisings • Gov’t crushes it (not in a good way) But its Democracy!

  9. Former Dutch colony announced its freedom two days after WWII • Dutch try to take it back but can’t get support from the US or the UN so they leave • WWII rebel Sukarno and his army lead the revolt Indonesia

  10. Sukarno tries to govern with parliamentary democracy • Indonesia has: • 13,600 islands • 300 ethnic groups • 250 languages • Coup against Sukarno violently put down by Suharto (500,000 – 1,000,000 dead) • Police state created with Suharto in control Division in the Gov’t

  11. Suharto leads state into economic collapse • He’s forced out in 1998 • Sukarno’s daughter, Megawati Sukarnoputri, elected in 2001 • Slowly moving to recovery and democracy A Change in the Air

  12. Suharto had taken control in 1976 • Jose Ramos Horta – pushing for freedom – wins Nobel prize in 1996 • 1999 – Elections in East Timor • Indonesia invades • UN steps in, E. Timor freed in 2002 Its never that easy…

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