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### Understanding Miscible and Immiscible Liquids Through Distillation ###

This lesson aims to define immiscible and miscible terms, differentiate between them, describe separation methods, and explore fractional distillation. Explore how oil and water are separated and understand the distillation process with examples like air separation. ###

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### Understanding Miscible and Immiscible Liquids Through Distillation ###

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  1. 25 November 2015 Today’s Title: Miscible or Immiscible? Aims: • Define the terms immiscible and miscible (f) • Understand the difference between miscible and immiscible substances (f) • Describe how immiscible and miscible liquids can be separated (f) • To do: • What do these words mean? • Miscible • Immiscible • Fractional distillation RWCM: write notes to describe how liquids can be separated

  2. How do you separate mixtures of liquids? Write down how you would separate out oil and vinegar. You have 3 minutes.

  3. Immiscible • Immisciblemeans that the liquids do not dissolve in each other – oil and water are an example. • Stick in your diagram of the separating funnel. Describe in your own words how oil and water can be separated. Oil and water can be separated using a funnel

  4. What have we learnt so far? • 1. What does immiscible mean? • Does dissolve • Doesn't dissolve • Will catch fire • 2. Which would be an example of an immiscible mixture? • Oil and water • Liquid air • Food dye Use whiteboards to show your answers

  5. What do you think a miscible liquid is?Write a definition Use whiteboards to show your answers

  6. Miscible • Miscible liquids are liquids that dissolve in each other to make a solution. • Miscible liquids are often separated using fractional distillation. • This is possible as miscible liquids have different boiling points.

  7. What process does the diagram show? Can you arrange these words into the correct order? condensing cooling evaporating heating

  8. Distillation: • Distillation is a process that can be used to separate a pure liquid from a mixture of liquids or a solid. It works when the liquids have different boiling points. • This is the sequence of events in distillation: heating → evaporating → cooling → condensing condensing

  9. Fractional distillation • Remember: Distillation is a process that can be used to separate a pure liquid from a mixture of liquids. • Fractional distillation takes advantage of the fact that different liquids will have different boiling points • heating → evaporating → cooling → condensing

  10. E.G:

  11. Freezing and boiling points of air • States of matter: • Gas hot • Liquid • Solid cold

  12. States of matter: • Gas hot • Liquid • Solid cold The top of the column is colder than the very bottom -190oC. Nitrogen is still a gas at this point. -185oC is above the boiling point of nitrogen and so the nitrogen boils and evaporates. -200oC is below the boiling points of both nitrogen and oxygen and so they are both liquids. -185oC is below the boiling point of oxygen and so a lot of it stays as a liquid

  13. Use the help list below to label the diagram on fractional distillation of air • AIR IN • -200oC • H2O AND CO2 FREEZE • O2 CONDENSES • LIQUID O2 PIPED OUT • GASEOUS N2COLLECTED • FRACTIONATING COLUMN • -185oC ABOVE BOILING POIONT N2 SO BOILS AND EVAPORATES • -185oC below BOILING POINT O2SO MOST STAYS LIQUID • -190oC ALL O2 LIQUID SO FALLS TO BOTTOM OF COLUMN Swap sheets with someone else in the classroom to peer ass when you are finished

  14. Plenary 1. Which of the following liquefies at the lowest temperature? • Nitrogen • Oxygen • Carbon dioxide 2. What is the name of the process that separates air into the different gases? • Cracking • Fractional distillation • Chromatography 3. What piece of equipment can be used to separate immiscible liquids? • Evaporating basin • Filter funnel • Separating funnel 4. What property allows mixtures to be separated by fractional distillation? • Density • Boiling point • Type of bonding

  15. Which liquid is miscible? Give a reason for why you think this. A B

  16. Aims: • Define the terms immiscible and miscible (f) • Describe how immiscible and miscible liquids can be separated (f) • Understand the difference between miscible and immiscible substances (f) Extension work Explain how we can separate oil from vinegar and oxygen from air. Make sure that you include the words fractional distillation, immiscible, miscible and separating funnel in your answer (6 marks).

  17. Definitions Vector Scalar

  18. Aims: • Sort vectors from scalars(f) • Explain the difference between vectors and scalars(h) What have we learnt so far? Speed Velocity Temperature Acceleration Distance Displacement Area Force Volume Air resistance Weight

  19. What have we learnt? • How would you tell the difference between a miscible and a immiscible liquid? (f) • How could you separate out miscible liquids? Can you explain how this works?(a) Aims: Sort vectors from scalars(f) Make an electricity recap poster (f/h) Explain the difference between vectors and scalars(h)

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