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Psychological Disorders

Psychological Disorders. An Introduction 453-460. Is this a sign of a disorder?. What about this?. Or this…??. Psychological Disorder. A “harmful dysfunction” in which behavior is judged to be: Atypical – not shared by many members of the population

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Psychological Disorders

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  1. Psychological Disorders An Introduction 453-460

  2. Is this a sign of a disorder?

  3. What about this?

  4. Or this…??

  5. Psychological Disorder • A “harmful dysfunction” in which behavior is judged to be: • Atypical – not shared by many members of the population • Disturbing – to self and others. Ex: Zoo or pedophilia • Maladaptive – potentially harmful behavior to the individual • Unjustifiable – doesn’t make sense. Ex: sobbing continuously for years after death of spouse

  6. What is abnormal, disturbing, maladaptive and unjustifiable depends on: • Time period • Culture • Individual person

  7. Early Theories • Afflicted people were possessed by evil spirits.

  8. Early Theories • Music or singing was often used to chase away spirits. • In some cases trephening was used: Cutting a hole in the head of the afflicted to let out the evil spirit.

  9. Trephening

  10. History of Mental Disorders • In the 1800’s, disturbed people were no longer thought of as madmen, but as mentally ill. They were first put in hospitals. Did this mean better treatment?

  11. Early Mental Hospitals • They were nothing more than barbaric prisons. • The patients were chained and locked away. • Some hospitals even charged admission for the public to see the “crazies”, just like a zoo.

  12. Philippe Pinel • French doctor who was the first to take the chains off and declare that these people are sick and “a cure must be found!!!”

  13. Current Perspectives • Medical Perspective: psychological disorders are sicknesses and can be diagnosed, treated and cured.

  14. Current Perspectives • Bio-Psycho-Social Perspective: assumes biological, psychological and sociocultural factors combine to interact causing psychological disorders. Used to be called Diathesis-Stress Model: diathesis meaning predisposition and stress meaning environment.

  15. Classifying Psychological Disorders • DSM- V (to be published in May): Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: the big book of disorders.

  16. The DSM • Changes made in the past: • homosexuality removed • ADHD added • Aspberger’s syndrome is NOT a separate disorder, on the Autism spectrum *DSM contains symptoms to make a diagnosis, not etiology = causes of disorders.*

  17. Disorders can be designated into 2 major classifications…

  18. Neurotic Disorders • Distressing but one can still function in society and act rationally

  19. Psychotic Disorders • Person loses contact with reality, experiences distorted perceptions

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