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Understanding Seed Germination Process in Plants

Learn about the basic parts of seeds, the germination process, and the differences between monocot and dicot seeds. Discover how seeds absorb water, activate proteins, and develop roots and shoots to begin food production. Explore the essential conditions for successful germination and the stages involved in seedling growth.

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Understanding Seed Germination Process in Plants

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  1. Seeds What are seeds?

  2. Basic Parts of Seeds • 1. Embryo • 2. Food Supply • 3. Ovary wall or seed coat

  3. Germination • Needed for Germ • 1. Temperature • 2. Moisture • 3. Air • 4. Light or absence of it

  4. Germination • Process • 1. Seed absorbs water • 2. Seeds proteins activated • 3. Radicle (root) emerges

  5. Germination • 4. Plumule or embryonic shoot emerges • 5. Leaves form and food production begins

  6. Monocot Seeds • 1. Seed coat-protection • 2. Endosperm- a source of energy • 3. Embryo-miniature plant that has

  7. Monocot Seeds • 3.Embryo: • Epicotyle-shoot above cotyledon • Hypocotyl-part of stem below the cotyledon • Radicle- primary root, supports seedling

  8. Dicot Seeds • 1. Seed Coat-protection • 2. Embryo miniature plant

  9. Dicot Seeds • 2. Embryo- • 2 cotyledons-seed leaves • Epicotyl-true leaves • Hypocotyl-first stem, pulls seed upward • Radicle-forms roots

  10. Monocot Germination • 1. Seed swells • 2. Radicle grows down • 3. First internode and epicotyl grows upward

  11. Monocot Germination • 4. New leaves form and food production starts • 5. New root system develops • 6. Temporary root system ceases to function and dies

  12. Dicot Germination • 1. Seed swells • 2. Radicle grows down • 3. Hypocotyl forms arch that breaks soil surface

  13. Dicot Germination • 4. Hypocotyl reaches light and straightens up • 5. Cotyledons turn green and make food • 6. As new leaves develop, cotyledons dry up and fall off

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