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Ritual

Chapter 5. Ritual. change of seasons (solstices, equinoxes , new year, planting, harvest) Historical event remembered. 2 broad categories of sacred ritual. Life Cycle. Calendar. birth puberty adulthood marriage religious initiation death.

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Ritual

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  1. Chapter 5 Ritual

  2. change of seasons (solstices, equinoxes , new year, planting, harvest) Historical event remembered 2 broad categories of sacred ritual Life Cycle Calendar • birth • puberty • adulthood • marriage • religious initiation • death

  3. Atonement for defilement, transgression, sin Escaping violence or maintaining peace by transferring aggression outside of the community Offering Sacrifices Scapegoat Syria, Greece, Israel

  4. dromenon (greek): a thing done to achieve a specific end  rite (latin) Just as a symbol is a meaningful sign, ritual is a meaningful action (movements, sounds) Ritual Confucius taught that rituals from the Cho dynasty needed to be revived in order to create virtuous people and rulers. Without ritual he believed one could not have a just, ordered society or raise responsible adults. Read p. 75 (bottom)

  5. Arnold van Gennep (anthropologist) wrote The Rites of Passage (1909) {see p. 77, bottom} 3 stages: separation, transition, reincorporation Victor Turner (anthropologist) called the transitional stage limenal (limes= border, threshold) . He called reincorporation into the community communitas. Rites of passage serve both the individual and the community

  6. The Hindu Brahman class observes 16 samskaras. Try to sort the samskaracards first by a category of your choosing. Then sort chronologicaly within each category. Do the7 Roman Catholic sacraments fall into categories as well? Examples of religious Rites of passage Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist, Penance (Reconciliation), Marriage, Holy Orders, Annointing of the Sick (Last rites – Extreme Unction)

  7. Roman Catholics and Eastern Orthodox Christians define 7 sacraments as a visible sign instituted by Christ to give grace, a sign that really effects what it symbolizes. It works ex opereoperato. Protestant Christians see sacraments more as representational symbols, and the number varies among different denominations (0, 2, 3) Sacraments

  8. The pledge of allegiance Exchange of wedding rings & vows Graduation ceremonies Blowing out birthday candles Fireworks on 4th of July Raising of the flag – flying at half-mast Funerals - Burial Secular examples of ritual actions

  9. rites of passage liminal stage tonsure social puberty rites shamans exorcisms Key vocabulary • seasonal/calendar rites • propitiaition • expiation/atonement • sacrament • scapegoat • Akitu • Yom Kippur • Bar mitzvah • Communitas • mantra

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