UNIT X

1. UNIT X FIRST AID TRAINING FOR THE SCHOOL BUS OPERATOR

2. Topics to be discussed: • Basic Principles • Good Samaritan Act • Body Fluid Cleanup Procedures • Heat Illness • Eye Injuries • Wounds/Nosebleeds • Fainting X-2

3. Basic Principles • First aid procedures apply only to immediate temporary needs. • Accepted first aid procedures only should be used. We are not medical doctors, so only minimal first aid should be administered. • It is important to remain calm when administering first aid. • Injuries vary in seriousness. Make good decisions. • Every bus should be equipped with a first aid kit and body fluid cleanup kit, complete with step-by-step directions. X-3

4. Good Samaritan Act • 768.13(2)(a), F.S. • Any person, including those licensed to practice medicine, who gratuitously and in good faith renders emergency care or treatment either in direct response to emergency situations related to and arising out of a public health emergency declared pursuant to s. 381.00315, a state of emergency which has been declared pursuant to s. 252.36 or at the scene of an emergency outside of a hospital, doctor's office, or other place having proper medical equipment, without objection of the injured victim or victims thereof, shall not be held liable for any civil damages as a result of such care or treatment or as a result of any act or failure to act in providing or arranging further medical treatment where the person acts as an ordinary reasonably prudent person would have acted under the same or similar circumstances. X-4

5. Bodily Fluid Cleanup ProceduresProcedures for cleaning a body fluid spill: • Students should be moved away from the contaminated area. • Put on disposable gloves. • Sprinkle absorbent material over spilled area. Liquid will quickly congeal for safer handling. • After one minute, remove gelled material with scoop and scraper. Carefully place in discard bag from kit. • Clean away solids with absorbent towel. • After the spill is removed apply disinfectant from the kit. • Place all contaminated materials (including gloves) in discard bag. Seal and dispose of bag properly. • Wipe hands with anti-microbial hand wipe. Wash with soap and running water as soon as possible. • If possible, the student’s clothing and other soiled, non-disposable items should be placed in a plastic bag and sent home with the student. X-5

6. Five Leading Causes of Unintentional Deaths: X-6

7. Heat Illness Signs-Early Stages • Cool, moist, pale, or flushed skin • Headache, nausea, dizziness • Weakness, exhaustion • Heavy sweating Signs-Late Stages • Red, hot, dry skin • Changes in level of consciousness • Vomiting Care • Get the victim out of the heat. Move victim to a cool place. Loosen tight clothing. • Remove perspiration-soaked clothing. • Apply cool wet cloths to the skin. • Fan the victim. • If victim is conscious, give him cool water to drink. • If person refuses water, vomits, or starts to lose consciousness: • Send someone to call for an ambulance. • Place person on side. • Continue to cool by placing ice or cold packs on person’s wrists, ankles, groin, neck, and in armpits. • Continue to check breathing and pulse. X-7

8. Eye Injuries • When you can feel something in your eye, take your upper eyelid and pull it down over the bottom lid and let the natural tearing process rinse out the foreign matter. If this does not help, rinse eye with water until matter is removed. If object is still in eye, seek medical help. Wrap both eyes. Reassure victim. • If an object is embedded in an eyeball, never remove the object. Place a cone-shaped article over the eye and object, wrap with clean dressing, and get medical help. • When chemicals are spilled or splashed into the eyes, rinse with water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention. X-8

9. Wounds Care Put on latex gloves. Cover the wound with dressing and press firmly against the wound with hand. If possible, elevate wounded area above the level of the heart. Cover dressing with a roller bandage to maintain pressure. Apply additional dressing, as needed. If bleeding does not stop: Apply additional dressings and bandage. Squeeze the nearby artery against the bone underneath Arm: Inside of the upper arm, between the shoulder and elbow. Leg: Crease at the front of the hip, in the groin. Nosebleed Care Put on latex gloves. Have person lean slightly forward. Pinch the nostrils together for about 10 minutes. Apply an ice pack to the bridge of the nose. If bleeding does not stop: Apply pressure on upper lip just beneath nose. Wounds/Nosebleeds X-9

10. Care If the victim does not have a head, back, or neck injury, place the victim on his back. Elevate the feet 12 inches and loosen any restrictive clothing, such as belts, ties, or collars. Check breathing and pulse. Do not give victim anything to eat or drink. Fainting is a temporary loss of consciousness. It may indicate a more serious condition. Never give an unconscious victim anything to eat or drink. Fainting X-10

11. Think Safety • Be alert and avoid potentially harmful conditions or activities that increase your injury risk. • Take precautions, such as wearing appropriate protective devices – helmets, padding, and eye wear. Buckle up when driving or riding in motor vehicles. • When handling sharp items found on the bus, use extreme care. X-11

12. Basic Principles Good Samaritan Act Body Fluid Cleanup Procedures Heat Illness Eye Injuries Wounds/Nosebleeds Fainting Summary X-12