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NUTRITION

NUTRITION. WHAT IS NUTRITION. Our diet consists of the food we eat We get nutrients from the food we eat, these nutrients include carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals

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NUTRITION

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  1. NUTRITION

  2. WHAT IS NUTRITION • Our diet consists of the food we eat • We get nutrients from the food we eat, these nutrients include carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals • Therefore nutrition is the term used to describe how we get nutrients from the food we eat. The process by which we get the nutrients is known as digestion. • In this Power Point we will look at macro- molecules; their importance as well as sources. • We will also look at a balanced diet which includes water and fiber

  3. FOOD GROUPS • The food we eat contain macro- molecules as well as vitamin, minerals, fiber and water • Macro- molecules are; • Carbohydrates • Proteins • Fats

  4. CARBOHYDRATES • Carbohydrates are necessary for energy • Carbohydrates are broken down into smaller molecules such as glucose, which the body uses to make energy • Excess carbohydrates are stored in the body • Carbohydrates can be found in most sugary food, therefore if you eat something sweet you know it contains carbohydrates • Not all carbohydrates are sweet, whole grains, rice, bread and pasta contain carbohydrates

  5. PROTEINS • Protein are necessary for growth and repair of cells • Proteins are made up of long chains of different amino acids that are broken down in the digestive process • It is these amino acids that the body use • Proteins can be found in milk, meats, soya and most dairy products

  6. FATS • Fats are important to keep our body insulated, to keep our cell membranes in tact • Fats are needed in small amounts in the diet as excess unused fat can be stored around our organs and under our skin. • Fats are also a source of energy, however it takes a while to release the energy and is only used when all carbohydrates are exhausted. • Butter, cheese, nuts, avocado, oils are high in fat

  7. VITAMINS AND MINERALS • Vitamins and minerals are needed in small amounts and are very important for the proper functioning of the body • A diet that lacks certain vitamins and minerals will result in deficiency diseases • For example a lack of iron will result in anemia, lack of calcium will result in weak bones • Vitamins and minerals are found in fruits and vegetables as well as other foods such as milk and grains cereals just to name a few

  8. WATER • More than 50% of our body is made up of water • Water is very important as it is the main solvent for substances in our body, it also helps with the movement of particles in the body • 6-8 250ml glasses of water a day

  9. FIBER • Fiber also known as roughage is the undigested parts of food and is moved along the digestive system where it is egested through the anus. • Fiber is important to help the movement of food along the intestine. • Fiber can be found in fruits, vegetables, whole grain food.

  10. BALANCED DIET • A balanced diet is a diet where we get the required amount of nutrients that the body needs to function properly in the correct quantities • “WE EAT TO LIVE, NOT LIVE TO EAT” • A balanced diet means eating the correct proportion of certain foods

  11. WHAT DETERMINES A BALANCED DIET • Age – babies, children and adults require different amounts of energy. A child is very active compared to an elderly person and will need more carbohydrates. Babies as well as children will need a lot of protein for growth • Pregnancy- a pregnant woman needs nutrients to nourish her baby • Lifestyle – an athlete will need more energy than a non athlete • Therefore a balanced diet depends on many factors, that’s why dieticians create diet plans for individuals.

  12. food pyramid • The pyramid gives a general idea of the proportion of the different types of food we should eat. • Remember a balanced diet varies on different factors, therefore the pyramid will vary.

  13. Balanced diet pyramid

  14. questions • Give the function of each of the following • Water • Fiber • Carbohydrates • Proteins • Fats • What is a balanced diet • List three factors which determines a balanced diet

  15. assignment Write down what you eat for the day and state whether the following are present; • Macro- nutrients • Fiber • Vitamins and minerals • Water From this determine which of the above is highest and the lowest in your food and whether or not you have a balanced diet, use the food pyramid as a guide

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