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Axis Powers: incl. Japan Germany Italy

Axis Powers: incl. Japan Germany Italy. Allied Powers: incl. U.S.A. Soviet Union Britain China Free French. Impact of World War II - Turkey. Maintains neutrality until declares war on Germany in 1945, hence becoming charter member of United Nations

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Axis Powers: incl. Japan Germany Italy

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  1. Axis Powers: incl. Japan Germany Italy Allied Powers: incl. U.S.A. Soviet Union Britain China Free French

  2. Impact of World War II - Turkey Maintains neutrality until declares war on Germany in 1945, hence becoming charter member of United Nations Budget deficits due to military spending cause inflation, boosted by pre-emptive buying by U.S.A. and Britain. Crisis eventually simply ridden out

  3. Impact of World War II - Iran Declares neutrality, but invaded by British and Americans to safeguard oil fields and supply Russia Inflation pushes prices so high that are bread riots and economic crises Political and social fragmentation of country, with German agents trying to foment unrest

  4. Impact of World War II - Iran 1942 Treaty of alliance with Britain and Soviet Union promises withdrawal of foreign troops within 6 months of end of war 1943 Iran declares war on Germany After end of war foreign troops leave Iranian soil, except the Russians...

  5. Impact of World War II - Egypt Theoretically independent since signing of Anglo-Egyptian treaty in 1936 Becomes staging post for Allied operations Shortages, inflation and import/export problems despite British purchase of cotton crop in 1941-42 and employment of Egyptians by British to support troops

  6. Impact of World War II - Egypt Malaria outbreak kills c. 100,000 people British impose friendly government, which lasts until no longer expedient for them Egyptians declare war on Germany and Japan in 1945

  7. Impact of World War II - Iraq Breaks off relations with Germany in 1939, but in 1940, when new leadership more friendly to Italy/Germany takes power, British intervene to have it replaced Coup in 1941 leads British to send troops to Basra to protect interests. Conflict between British and Iraqis leads British to invade and install more friendly government

  8. Impact of World War II - Iraq British control economy, military, bureaucracy and education. Prime minister Nuri al-Said plans Arab League Iraq declares war on Axis powers in Jan 1943 Some inflation, nationalist and socialist discontent

  9. Impact of World War II - Lebanon/ Syria Still mandates. Outbreak of war leads to tightening of French control France falls to Germany in 1940. German agents come to Lebanon and Syria to prepare them for German takeover. French puppet government installs new governments Economic crises and food shortages, leading to demonstrations and unrest

  10. Impact of World War II - Lebanon/ Syria Allied forces invade in spring 1941, install new, friendly governments, but power remains in hands of Free French and British Popular opposition forces Allies to re-establish constitutions and allow elections in 1943 Both countries are recognised as independent and declare war on Axis powers in 1944

  11. Impact of World War II - Palestine Major tensions and at times civil conflict between Arabs and Jews in inter-war period. Increased immigration of Jews and purchase of land from Arabs by Jewish community By 1939 British have enacted legislation limiting Jewish immigration and land transfers

  12. Impact of World War II - Palestine Both Jews and Arab states seek to curry favour with British by aiding war effort. Jews and Arabs are also profiting from increased demand for food and services Increased Jewish immigration due to Holocaust British continue attempts to limit immigration to keep Arabs happy. Tension in region mounts...

  13. Middle East Supply Center Based in Cairo. Set up in April 1941 to co-ordinate movement of goods in region Run by British, later aided by Americans. No local involvement By 1944 is apparent is tool of British economic colonialism. Americans withdraw support and centre closes in 1945

  14. And… 1945 sees establishment of Arab League War sees growth of nationalism in many countries of Middle East New superpowers, U.S.A. and Soviet Union, becoming most influential forces in region

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