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Chapter 26 World War II Sep. 1, 1939 - Sep. 2, 1945 I . Road to War:

Chapter 26 World War II Sep. 1, 1939 - Sep. 2, 1945 I . Road to War: A . Rome - Berlin Axis Oct. 1936 1. Ethiopian invasion 1935. 2. Spanish Civil War 1936 - 1939 Italy & Germany aid Gen. Francesco Franco. 3. German Aggression: A. Rhineland * troops into demilitarized zone

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Chapter 26 World War II Sep. 1, 1939 - Sep. 2, 1945 I . Road to War:

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  1. Chapter 26 World War II Sep. 1, 1939 - Sep. 2, 1945 I. Road to War: A. Rome - Berlin AxisOct. 1936 1. Ethiopian invasion 1935

  2. 2. Spanish Civil War 1936 - 1939 Italy & Germany aid Gen. Francesco Franco

  3. 3. German Aggression: A. Rhineland*troops into demilitarized zone March 7, 1936 *violated Versailles Treaty

  4. b. Anschluss*union with Austria “One blood demands one Reich.” Hitler Germany & Austria united March 13, 1938

  5. C. Sudetenland*N.W. Czech. 3 million Germans lived here - unite with Germany Hitler demanded Sudetenland Czech. defensive alliance with France & USSR

  6. Munich ConferenceSep. 29, 1938 settle Czech problem / Mussolini’s compromise *Hitler: take no more land in Europe / just Sudetenland barrier to Communist Russia

  7. Neville Chamberlain English Prime Minister “Peace For Our Time.”

  8. Edouard Daladier*French Premier Policy of Appeasement: *concessions made to an aggressor to preserve peace Pacifism refusal to fight

  9. “I saw them at Munich, they were little worms!” Hitler

  10. Germany takes all Czech. March 1939

  11. A Sudeten woman dutifully salutes parading Nazis, October, 1938

  12. d. Poland “Polish Corridor torn from the Fatherland.” Hitler

  13. Polish Corridor land connecting Poland & Baltic Sea Danzig*key port on the Baltic Sea Treaty of Versailles took it from Germany *Eng. & France warn Hitler war if invades Poland

  14. e. Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact Aug. 23, 1939 Hitler & Stalin secretly divided Poland & Baltic States

  15. f. Invasion of Poland Sep. 1, 1939 Blitzkrieg“Lightning War” Luftwaffe German Air Force Panzers German Tanks

  16. Battle of Warsaw*Poles held out 30 days

  17. B. England & France declare war Sept. 3, 1939 Phony War *newspapers 1st called it - no fighting

  18. II. Europe at War: A. Invasion of Norway Winter 1939 German troops parachuted into Norway 1st airborne attack in history Germans sweep across Netherlands & Belgium

  19. B. Russia attacks Finland Nov. 1939 - March 1940 Winter War 400,000 Russians vs. 33,000 Fin’s *Finnish Ski Patrols - terrorized Soviet troops

  20. invaded Baltic nations - Latavia, Lithuania, & Estonia

  21. C. Fall of France June 1940 Germans attack north & east Italy declares war June 10, 1940 invades France from south Paris falls: June 14, 1940

  22. D. Retreat at Dunkirk May 27 - June 4, 1940 *English & French troops trapped beach NW France 340,000 cross English Channel

  23. French Surrender: Compiegne, France June 22, 1940

  24. E. France divided into 2: Northern France*German Occupation Vichy France Southern France *puppet gov. (subordinate to Germans)

  25. Henri Petain *French Dictator Vichy France

  26. collaborators*people who aid nations enemies

  27. French Resistance: Free French(French Underground) Charles de Gaulle*leader of Free French Partisans*French Underground members 200,000 sabotage: train depots, bridges, & convoys

  28. F. New Order in Europe*Nazi Empire in Europe Axis Powers control Western & Continental Europe neutral nations: Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland

  29. exploit resources of Europe (oil, coal, wheat) heavy taxation slave labor 7.5 million deported German factories, fields, & mines museums looted

  30. Persecution of Jews ghettoes & concentration camps

  31. Operation Sea Lion *Hitler’s plan to invade England Bombing raids soften English

  32. G. Battle of Britain Aug. - Nov. 1940 Royal Air Force RAF“The Thin Blue Line” vs. German Luftwaffe

  33. The Blitz*air raids on London Sep. 7 - Nov. 3, 1940 57 consecutive nights / 70,000 fire bombs 1 night

  34. Winston Churchill Prime Minister of England “Blood, Toil, Tears, & Sweat”

  35. “We shall defend our island, Whatever the cost may be: Fight on the beaches, hills, & landing grounds. We shall never surrender!” Churchill

  36. RAF prevented Germans crossing English Channel 1700 Germans planes shot down Radar*dev. by English 1935

  37. “Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few.” Churchill referring to RAF Pilots

  38. H. Sinking of the Bismarck May 26, 1941 Bismarck *German Battleship

  39. Sinking of the German battleship 'Bismarck' in the North Atlantic, 27 May 1941.

  40. June 8, 1989, the wreck of the Bismarckwas discovered at a depth of 4,700 meters (15,700 feet) by Robert Ballard.

  41. I. American Neutrality: 1937 - 1941 Neutrality Acts 1937 Congress passed laws stay out of Europe’s war

  42. Cash and Carry pay cash for war supplies & transport own ships

  43. Lend-Lease Act 1941 *supply war material on credit “Give us the tools, and we will finish the job.” Churchill

  44. “America great arsenal for democracy.” Pres. Franklin Delano Roosevelt

  45. USA gives all aid short of war 1st Peacetime draft (800,000 drafted)

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