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Europeans in the history of the world

Europeans in the history of the world. The place of Europe in populating the earth. History of Migratory Movements in Europe. Peopling North America: Population Movements & Migration

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Europeans in the history of the world

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  1. Europeans in the history of the world The place of Europe in populating the earth

  2. History of MigratoryMovements in Europe Peopling North America: Population Movements & Migration European migration across the Atlantic, beginning in the late fifteenth century, was not an anomaly within the European framework. For centuries prior to their arrival in the New World, Europeans had participated in extensive migrations throughout their continent and Asia. They were a mobile people, accustomed to the concepts of movement and migration. In many ways, the initial arrival in the New World by the Europeans and the advent of trans-Atlantic migration served to extend the migratory patterns that were already present in European society. http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/migrations/F2.html

  3. The place of Europe in populating the Earth • Introduction • SinceAncientGreece to the mid 18th c., European population 40 -140 m (x3.5) vs. World population 230 - 650 m (x2.8) • From the 19th c. European population increasesconsiderably greatmigratoryflows of people

  4. I. Whatwas the role of Europe in populating the Earth fromAntiquity to the 19th century?

  5. A. Regular phases of demographic expansion explain the successive migrations

  6. 1st Phase 1. The colonization of the Mediterranean basin in AncientGreece and Rome

  7. a. Role of the Greeksaround the Mediterraneansea (likefrogsaround a pond) : transferring of the city elsewhere(e.g. Nice and Agde)

  8. b. Role of the Romans: conquests in the West and East and creation of colonies (e.g; Nimes, Arles, Orange)

  9. 2nd Phase 2. End of Ancient World - 1000 A.D. new population movementsshake Europe beforeitbeginsexpandingagain in the Mediterranean

  10. a. Barbarian invasions lead to the fall of the Roman Empire

  11. b. Advances of Islam, from the 8th c. A.D. hold back Christianity

  12. 3rd Phase 3. 11th and 13th centuries: most important Europeanmovementsoccurwhendemographicgrowthreappears Crusadesand Reconquista Crusadesand Reconquista

  13. 4th Phase 4. 14th Century: Black Plagueravages Europe between 1348 and 1352 marks a break by dramaticallyslowing down the fragile growth 25 M dead – 1/3 of the population

  14. 5th Phase 5. Great discoveries of the Renaissance to the Colonization of other continents Discovery of America (15th century) colonies in NorthAmerica, Asia and Africa

  15. EuropeanColonization: severalconsequences • Setting up of colonies and slave trade • Building of Empires and civilizations (15th-19th C) • Exploitation of resources • Imposinglanguages, religion • Coherentsocietiesformprogressivelydetachthemselvesfrom the mother country

  16. Pull Factors of the New World • Video: Opportunity Beckoned

  17. In the 19th century, the colonization of Africa and Asia has a political aspect and responds to an increasedneed for land due to the rapiddemographicgrowthsince the end of the 18th century.

  18. B. How canweexplainthisgrowth? • For a long period, limitedgrowth (textbook, p. 12/13) • Traditionaldemocraticregimecharacterized by a highmortality rate (famine, war, epidemics) and a highbirth rate to compensate

  19. Change in 18th century: decrease in mortality rate • agricultural technologyreducing famines • progress in hygieneand medicinewhichreduce the number of epidemics

  20. Whydid population growth in the world and particularly in Europe increasesorapidly in the 19th century? • Population Growth Since the birth rate remainshigh, demographicgrowthishigh

  21. World Population Growth 1700-1900 Source: Population et société, n°394, octobre 2003

  22. Key term: malthus = malthusian, malthusianism Definition: demographicbehaviourwhichaims to limit population growth due to fear of scarcity of resources/wealth to beshared Malthus (English scholar) observed that sooner or later population will be checked by famine and disease. That the increase of population is necessarily limited by the means of subsistence, That population does invariably increase when the means of subsistence increase (and vice versa)

  23. Blog for HistoryGeography wilsonhginter.wikispaces.com • Click on your class on the right • Downloadpowerpointpresentations • Watch Videosfrom links • Access worksheets

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