USING TRANSITIONS

1. USINGTRANSITIONS

2. TRANSITIONS PURPOSE

3. TRANSITIONS *Coherence* • In the end, you want your essay to be a unified whole • a strong link chain, if you will.  • The technical term for this chain effect is COHERENCE.

4. TRANSITIONS *Coherence* • Coherence points to • not only the logical flow of ideas • but also the inter-connectedness of ideas.  • In other words, how the ideas relate to each other.  • This is where TRANSITIONS come in:  • they help build coherence.

5. TRANSITIONS *No sentence is an island* • Poor Writing = • Poor Writing is characterized by – • a lack of coherence • incoherence, disjointedness, rambling • short, choppy, unrelated sentences. 

6. TRANSITIONS *No sentence is an island* • Poor Writing = • The writer has not demonstrated any relationships between ideas:  • Each desert-island-sentence floats alone • in the ocean-paragraph • with no bridge connecting them.  • Consequently, just like someone stranded on an island, the idea soon shrivels and dies.

7. TRANSITIONS *Transitions are bridges* • Transitions are the BRIDGES between sentences • they connect ideas • they show how ideas are related to each other • and they build a unified paragraph

8. TRANSITIONS *Transitions are bridges* • Some of the relationships they show include • example/illustration • cause or effect • comparison or contrast • emphasis • sequence • and summary. 

9. TRANSITIONS *From Paragraph to Paragraph* • Once each paragraph becomes a cohesive whole • coherent • connected logically • Then we use transitions to connect coherent paragraphs to each other, too. 

10. TRANSITIONS *From Paragraph to Paragraph* In order to build a larger point, we can employ transitions between paragraphs to reference contrastor continue a previous idea. 10

11. TRANSITIONS *The Whole Essay* • Thus, the final essay represents a series • of associations • of relationships • of links • of bridges • between ideas. 

12. TRANSITIONS *The Whole Essay* • Because of this interconnectedness, the writer's thesis is • logical • sound and • coherent... Brooklyn, NY

13. TRANSITIONS *The Whole Essay* …and the reader can easily follow the course of the argument, “crossing” from one point to another. 13 Portland, OR

14. TRANSITIONS To carry this metaphor to its conclusion • Transitions provide the valuable infrastructure necessary for a reader to travel uninterruptedly between each of the island-states, • and the final unified essay created with them has become like a centralized form of government uniting a group of island-statesunder one flag (title).

15. TRANSITIONS • Hawaii • British Virgin Islands • Philippines • Greece

16. TRANSITIONS FORMS & FUNCTIONS

17. TRANSITIONS • Transitions provide links between the following:   • SENTENCES:  • Also, the temperature of the oven must be set on high to achieve this goal.

18. TRANSITIONS • Transitions provide links between the following: • PARAGRAPHS:  • Another reason I dislike Mondays involves highway traffic.

19. TRANSITIONS • Transitions provide links between the following: • SECTIONS:  • As noted in the previous chapter, the theme of equivocation dominates Shakespeare's Macbeth.

20. TRANSITIONS • Transitions often come in the following forms: • SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS:  • since, because, if, when, although • COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS:  • and, but, yet, or, nor, for, so

21. TRANSITIONS • Transitions often come in the following forms: • PREPOSITIONS:  • after, during, behind, beyond, during • ADVERBS: • once, never, always, frequently

22. TRANSITIONS LISTS

23. TRANSITIONS: Lists • ADDITION • additionally, in addition, and, again, • and then, also, besides, equally important, • finally, further, furthermore, nor, • too, next, lastly, what’s more, moreover, • then, first/second (-ly) 

24. TRANSITIONS: Lists • ALTERNATIVE • alternatively, similarly, • correspondingly, in the same way  • SIMILARITY • similarly, also, in the same way, • just as, so too, likewise, equally

25. TRANSITIONS: Lists • COMPARISON • by/in comparison, similarly, • in the same way, in like manner, • likewise, by the same token, • in a similar fashion, in relation to, • in respect of, with reference to, • with regard to, a propos, vis-à-vis 

26. TRANSITIONS: Lists • CONTRAST • in contrast, by contrast, • conversely, • on the other hand, • on the contrary, • but, however, • although, though, • otherwise, at the same time, notwithstanding, nevertheless, nonetheless, whereas, but, yet, besides, versus, while, instead 

27. TRANSITIONS: Lists • CAUSE • because, since, • on account of, for that reason  • EFFECT • therefore, consequently, • accordingly, thus, hence, as a result 

28. TRANSITIONS: Lists • CLARIFICATION • that is, that is to say, • in other words, to explain, to clarify, • to put it another way, to rephrase it • CONCESSION • to be sure, granted, of course, still, yet, • nevertheless, notwithstanding, however, • however much, even though  

29. TRANSITIONS: Lists • DEDUCTION • then, in other words, in that case, otherwise, • this implies, if not, if so, thus 

30. TRANSITIONS: Lists • EMPHASIS-INTENSIFICATION • even, indeed, in fact, in truth, truly, • definitely, emphatically, • unquestionably, undeniably, • of course, obviously, without reservation, • without a doubt, undoubtedly, • certainly, by all means, never, • always, perennially, eternally 

31. TRANSITIONS: Lists • EXAMPLE/ILLUSTRATION • for example, for instance, • to illustrate, to demonstrate, namely, • specifically, take the case of, • in this case, on this occasion, in this situation, • as follows: • the following:  

32. TRANSITIONS: Lists • EXCEPTION • but, yet, still, however, • in spite of, despite, • nonetheless, nevertheless, • sometimes  

33. TRANSITIONS: Lists • PURPOSE • to that end, to this end, • for this purpose, for that reason, • so that, in order that, intentionally • QUALIFICATION • may, might, almost, nearly, very, truly, indeed, • probably, possibly, conceivably, perchance, • maybe, perhaps, always, never, frequently, • occasionally, although  

34. TRANSITIONS: Lists • GENERALIZATION • generally speaking, • generally, in general, • on the whole, as a rule, • for the most part, in most cases, • usually, typically, characteristically, • naturally, normally, on average, • predictably, habitually, • by and large, more often than not 

35. TRANSITIONS: Lists • NEW POINT (to a) • with regard to, with reference to, • as for, in terms of, now, • as far as – is concerned, • it follows that, turning to 

36. TRANSITIONS: Lists • PROOF • because, for (that means “because”), • as, for that reason, since, • therefore, thus, hence, • evidently, obviously, • furthermore, moreover, • besides, indeed, in fact, • in addition, in view of the fact, • while, seeing as

37. TRANSITIONS: Lists • OBVIOUSNESS • obviously, clearly, naturally, • of course, surely, after all, as expected • PLACE/POSITION • above, across, adjacent, • after, behind, below, beyond, in front of, • here, there, next, next to, near, nearby  

38. TRANSITIONS: Lists • SEQUENCE/ORDER • first, second, next, then, finally, after, • afterwards, following, at this time, at this point, • this time, simultaneously, concurrently, • soon,  subsequently, while, meanwhile, when, • during, immediately, later, earlier, sometimes, • always, never, whenever, now, until now, once 

39. TRANSITIONS: Lists • TIME • first, second, next, then, finally, after, • afterwards, following, at this time, at this point, • this time, simultaneously, concurrently, • soon,  subsequently, while, meanwhile, when, • during, immediately, later, thereafter, earlier, • sometimes, always, never, whenever, now, until • now, once, previously 

40. TRANSITIONS: Lists • REPETITION • in other words, as I have noted, • as has been noted, as noted above, • as I have said, • in summary, to summarize, • in brief, rather, to put it more simply 

41. TRANSITIONS: Lists • SUMMARY • finally, lastly, thus, hence, therefore, • in conclusion, to summarize, • in sum, in summary, in brief, in short, • in a word, in the final analysis, • on the whole, overall, that is to say, • summing up, as accordingly, • as I have said/proven/shown, as a result, • consequently

42. SUMMATION *TRANSITIONS* • Build coherence • Link ideas • Show relationship between ideas • “bridges” • “links in a chain”