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HAZARDOUS MATERIALS AWARENESS

This course provides an introduction to hazardous materials, emergency response training levels, and identification of hazardous materials and their associated hazards, as well as the use of markings and warning signs. It also covers incident management techniques and personal protective equipment.

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HAZARDOUS MATERIALS AWARENESS

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  1. HAZARDOUS MATERIALSAWARENESS

  2. LOGISTICS • INTRODUCTIONS • REGISTRATION/PAPERWORK • CLASS RULES

  3. OBJECTIVES • Define “Hazardous Materials” • Discuss Emergency Response Training Levels • Identify the Nine (9) Hazard Classes Defined by the DOT • Identify the Hazards Associated with each DOT Class • Identify Standard Occupancies Where Hazardous Materials may be Used and Stored

  4. OBJECTIVES • Identify Container Shapes Associated with Hazardous Materials • Identify Both Facility-and Transportation-Related Markings and Warning Signs • Explain the Use of the NFPA 704 Marking System • Discuss the Use of Resources Available for Identification of Hazardous Materials

  5. OBJECTIVES • Discuss Various Types of Incident Management Techniques • Describe the Use of Zones as it applies to Hazardous Material Incidents • Discuss Chemical and Physical Properties of Hazardous Materials • Discuss Approach Methods to a Suspected HAZMAT Incident • Discuss Criminal and Terrorist Activities pertaining to HAZMAT Incidents • Discuss Personal Protective Equipment

  6. PLEASE NOTE: Local emergency response plans, S.O.G.’s, and notification procedures vary to some degree within different organizations. Therefore, it is recommended that local OES coordinate with responders in their respective jurisdictions to address these items.

  7. Why Study Hazmat Awareness? Introduction to Hazardous Materials • Hazardous materials are used in or transported through every community • Required by OSHA 1910.120 • Prevent unnecessary and potentially dangerous exposures to hazardous materials

  8. Hazmat vs. Standard Responses Introduction to Hazardous Materials • Hazmat responders require special training • Hazardous materials pose an unreasonable risk of long-term effects to people, property and the environment • Most hazmat incidents are more complex than standard emergencies

  9. WHAT IS A “HAZARDOUS MATERIAL”? • DOT-”Any substance or material in any form or quantity that poses an unreasonable risk to safety, health, or property when transported in commerce.” • EPA-”A chemical released into the environment that could be potentially harmful to the public’s health or welfare.” • OSHA-”Those chemicals that would be a risk to employees if exposed in the workplace.” • WORKING DEFINITION-”Any substance that can hurt or harm living organisms or the environment when it escapes it’s containment system.”

  10. EMERGENCY RESPONDER TRAINING LEVELS-HAZMAT • AWARENESS • OPERATIONS • TECHNICIAN • SPECIALIST • INCIDENT COMMANDER

  11. Awareness-Level Responsibilities Awareness-level first responders are expected to recognize the presence of hazardous materials, protect themselves and others, request appropriately trained personnel, and secure the area.

  12. Detecting Hazardous Materials O B J E C T I V E Given different facility or transportation situations, awareness-level first responders shall be able to identify those situations where hazardous materials are present.

  13. Informal Detection Methods O B J E C T I V E S Awareness-Level Responders Will Be Able to: • Identify typical locations where hazardous materials are manufactured, transported, stored, used, or disposed of • Describe the methods and limitations of using human senses to detect hazardous materials

  14. Transportation Informal Detection Methods • Roadways • Railways • Waterways • Pipelines • Airways

  15. Fixed Facilities Informal Detection Methods • Large manufacturing or storage plants • Service stations • Doctors’ offices • Hardware stores • Dry cleaners • Paint supply stores

  16. Fixed Facilities Informal Detection Methods • Docks or piers • Airplane hangers • Railroad stations • Truck terminals

  17. Using Your Senses Informal Detection Methods • Sight • Liquids pooling on the floor/ground • Chemical reactions taking place • Vapor cloud or fire • Injured persons in the area • Condensation lines on pressurized tanks • Corrosive reactions taking place • Boiling of unheated substances

  18. Using Your Senses Informal Detection Methods • Sounds • Hissing from pressurized materials being released • Banging or creaking from overstressed containers • Odors • Smell of a gas leak • Burning materials

  19. Looking at the product too closely Smelling the product Limitations of Senses Informal Detection Methods

  20. Touching the product Tasting the product Limitations of Senses Informal Detection Methods

  21. Facility and Transportation Markings O B J E C T I V E S Awareness-Level Responders Will Be Able to: • Identify the following hazmat markings: • UN/NA ID numbers • Special situation markings • NFPA 704 marking system • DOT placards • Military hazmat markings • Special hazard communications • Pipeline markings • Container markings

  22. Facility and Transportation Markings O B J E C T I V E S Awareness-Level Responders Will Be Able to: • Identify and describe the colors, numbers, and special symbols of the NFPA 704 marking system • Identify and describe the information represented by a DOT placard’s colors, numbers, and symbols

  23. UN/NA Identification Numbers Facility and Transportation Markings • Two-Part System • Part I: Divides hazardous materials into nine hazard classes • Part II: Assigns a four-digit number to specific materials for identification purposes

  24. UN/NA Identification Numbers Facility and Transportation Markings • UN Hazard Classes • 1 Explosives • 2 Gases • 3 Flammable Liquids • 4 Flammable Solids • 5 Oxidizers • 6 Poisons and Infectious Substances • 7 Radioactive Substances

  25. UN/NA Identification Numbers Facility and Transportation Markings • UN Hazard Classes • 8 Corrosives • 9 Hazardous materials not otherwise classified • ORM-D Other regulated materials

  26. UN/NA Identification Numbers Facility and Transportation Markings Four Digit UN/NA Identification Numbers

  27. Hazard Class Designation Or Four-digit Identification Number Hazard Class Symbol United Nations Hazard Class Number Colored Background DOT Placards Facility and Transportation Markings

  28. Special Situation Transportation Markings Facility and Transportation Markings • Marine Pollutant • Displayed on bulk shipping packages containing materials designated as marine pollutants

  29. Special Situation Transportation Markings Facility and Transportation Markings • Elevated Temperature Materials • Bulk containers must be marked on each side and each end with the word “HOT”

  30. Special Situation Transportation Markings Facility and Transportation Markings • Inhalation Hazard • Used on materials considered to be hazardous when inhaled

  31. Special Situation Transportation Markings Facility and Transportation Markings • Commodity Markings (Stencils) • Tank cars transporting the following materials must have the name of the commodity marked on both sides of the tank: • Anhydrous ammonia • Ammonia solutions containing more than 50% ammonia • Flammable gases (Division 2.1) • Poison gases (Division 2.3)

  32. Fire Hazard Reactivity Health Hazard Special Precautions NFPA 704 System Facility and Transportation Markings

  33. NFPA 704 System – Health Hazards Extreme: Highly Toxic • Short-term exposure may be fatal • Special protective equipment required Serious: Toxic • Avoid inhalation or skin contact

  34. NFPA 704 System – Health Hazards Moderate: Moderately Toxic • May be harmful if inhaled or absorbed through the skin Slight: Slightly Toxic • May cause slight irritation Minimal • All chemicals have some degree of toxicity

  35. NFPA 704 System – Flammability Hazards Extreme: Extremely flammable gas or liquid • Flash Point below 73°F Serious: Flammable • Flash Point 73°F to 100°F Moderate: Combustible • Requires moderate heating to ignite • Flash Point 100°F to 200°F

  36. NFPA 704 System – Flammability Hazards Slight: Slightly Combustible • Requires strong heating to ignite Minimal: • Will not burn under normal conditions

  37. NFPA 704 System – Reactivity Hazards Extreme • Explosive at room temperature Serious • May explode if shocked or heated under confinement or mixed with water

  38. NFPA 704 System – Reactivity Hazards Moderate • Unstable, may react with water Slight • May react if heated or mixed with water Minimal • Normally stable, does not react with water

  39. NFPA 704 System – Special Precautions Corrosive Water Reactive Oxidizer Radioactive

  40. Military Markings • Used by US military installations and transport vehicles • Identifies detonation, fire, and special hazards • Military ordinance is designed to create bodily harm and property damage

  41. Military Markings - Explosives Facility and Transportation Markings • 1 – Mass Detonation Hazard • 2 – Explosive with Fragmentation Hazard

  42. Military Markings - Explosives Facility and Transportation Markings • 3 – Mass Fire Hazard • 4 – Moderate Fire Hazard

  43. Military Markings - Chemical Facility and Transportation Markings • Highly Toxic • Harassing Agents

  44. Military Markings - Chemical Facility and Transportation Markings • White Phosphorus Munitions • Apply No Water

  45. Military Markings - Chemical Facility and Transportation Markings • Wear Protective Breathing Apparatus

  46. DOT Hazard Classes and Divisions O B J E C T I V E S Awareness-Level Responders Will Be Able to: • Identify U.S. and Canadian placards that indicate the presence of hazardous materials • Identify the DOT hazard classes and divisions assigned to hazardous materials

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