Earth Science Concepts

1. EYGLOOGfirst person to descramble this gets 1 pt. extra creditthis is what we are studying next 

2. Earth Science Concepts

3. O/A • Put the following list of scrambled events relating to the earths geologic history in the correct order from the beginning. -amphibians, ozone forms, mammals, anaerobic prokaryotes (photosynthetic cyanobacteria), earth forms, fishies, eukaryotes, largest mass extinction in history, reptiles, coal forming swamps form (carboniferous period), oxygen levels rise, pangaea • What do you know about plate tectonics???? (brain storm and bullet point list) • Think of one earthquake, volcano, and tsunami event that have taken place on earth and describe it. Tell what type of geology lead to each event.

4. 1. Earth forms- photosynthetic cyanobacteria-oxygen levels rise- ozone layer forms- eukaryotes-fishies- amphibians- pangaea- coal forming swamps-reptiles- largest mass extinction in earth’s history-mammals plate tectonics divergent, convergent tsunami tsunamitoo tsunamithree

7. Composition of earths crust

8. Which of the following elements constitutes the highest percentage of mass in Earth’s crust? • Oxygen • Aluminum • Carbon • Potassium • Nitrogen

11. Thingvillur, site of one of the earliest parliamentary meeting places in western civilization, and the one place where the Mid-Atlantic Ridge appears above ground. The North American and European tectonic plates are moving apart an average of two centimeters a year. We could move from one continent to the other in a few steps

12. Mid Atlantic ridge passing thru Iceland

13. Himalayas

14. Mt St. Helens

16. Geologic Timeline Presentations • As a group, brainstorm and come up with three concepts you learned from this activity. • As a group (table group) you will do a brief presentation of these three concepts to the class, be sure to include all group members in the presentation • Concept one: an analysis type of concept, where you have analyzed the information and come up with an understanding • Concept two: make this a compare and contrast type of idea that you learned. • Concept three: this should be where you either make a prediction or you can make an assumption

17. The Earth’s Tilt and how it creates seasons! Winter (northern hemisphere tilts away from sun) Spring (sun aims directly at equator) Summer (northern hemisphere tilts toward sun) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KUU7IyfR34o

18. O/A Please put the following phrases in order, they are out of order. -creates differences in air temperature/pressure -creates biome patterns -determines air and ocean currents -drives climate patterns -incoming solar radiation is uneven due to the earth’s tilt

19. Incoming solar radiation is uneven due to the Earth’s tilt • Creates differences in temperature and pressure • Determines air and ocean currents • Drives climate patterns • Creates biome patterns

20. OSLAIOINNT INSOLATION-Measure of solar radiation energy received on a given surface area

21. Wind

22. Let’s pretend you’re standing at the Equator and you want to throw a ball to your friend in the middle of North America. If you throw the ball in a straight line, it will appear to land to the right of your friend because he’s moving slower and has not caught up.Now let’s pretend you’re standing at the north pole. When you throw the ball to your friend, it will again appear to land to the right of him. But this time, it’s because he’s moving faster than you are and has moved ahead of the ball.This apparent deflection is the Coriolis effect. The wind is like the ball. It appears to bend to the right in the Northern Hemisphere. In the Southern Hemisphere, winds appear to bend to the left. Coriolis effect

27. Coriolis Effect global wind video.flv • Global air circulation is affected by the rotation of the earth on its axis. Observe an animation of the Coriolis effect over Earth's surface. Figure 5-4

28. CLIMATE: A BRIEF INTRODUCTION • Weather is a local area’s short-term (hours to days) physical conditions (temperature, precipitation, humidity, wind speed, cloud cover etc) • Climate is a region’s average weather conditions over a long time. (temp and precipitation) • Latitude, elevation, prevailing wind direction, topography, and ocean currents, help determine climate. five factors that affect climate.lnk Video pedia World - Geography Basics: Five Factors That Affect Climate

29. Global Climate - Highlands • polar climates can be observed at lower latitudes, you just need to increase your elevation, as one would ascending a mountain chain-->

30. Ocean Currents: Distributing Heat and Nutrients • Ocean currents influence climate by distributing heat from place to place and mixing and distributing nutrients. http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a000500/a000555/a000555.mpg Examine global surface currents. Figure 5-7

33. Topography and Local Climate:Land Mattershttp://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1903/es1903page01.cfm • Interactions between land and oceans and disruptions of airflows by mountains and cities affect local climates. Figure 5-8

34. Animation: El Nino Southern Oscillation http://esminfo.prenhall.com/science/geoanimations/animations/26_NinoNina.html PLAY ANIMATION

35. Apes Review • 1. Name one place on the planet where a major tsunami has occurred • 2. Name one place where a cold water current is found • 3. Name one place where a subduction zone can be found • 4. Name one place where two land plates come together to form a mountain range • 5. Put the following events in order: Mammals, amphibians, fish, ozone forms, oxygen levels rise, photosynthetic bacteria

36. Review continued • 5. what event is thought to have caused a major extinction several million years ago? • 6. how did the above event cause mass extinction? • 7. What causes seasons….must explain the whole phenomenon to get points • 8. how do the northern latitudes get warmth? • 9. how would a volcanic eruption influence the earth’s climate? • 10. how does temperature and precipitation change as one increases in latitude?

37. Review continued • 11. what is the major element found in the earths crust? • 12. where are most volcanoes found? • 13. What main gases make up the greenhouse layer? (there are four of em) • 14. What is the function of the ozone layer? • 15. What compound threatens the ozone layer and the greenhouse layer? • 16. What type of radiation is trapped by the greenhouse layer? • 17. What type of radiation is trapped by the ozone layer?

38. Bluff continued • 18. When Ehux dies, how does that cause a decrease in atmospheric carbon? • 19. What is the term used to describe a greenhouse gas that is man-made? • 20. Which region of the atmosphere houses the weather? • 21. Which greenhouse gas in the troposphere also makes up a protective layer in the stratosphere? • 22. Which greenhouse gas is strictly anthropogenic?

39. Bluff continued • 23. What are two effects of the hole in the ozone layer? • 24. What is the name of the acid that is causing the ocean to become more acidic? • 25. What is the % of Nitrogen in the atmosphere? • 26. Which two currents are responsible for bringing warmth to Northern latitudes (Europe) 27. What’s the rain shadow effect? (must explain in detail to get the points)