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Fungi

Fungi. Fungi. First fungi were probably flagellated. First fossils – 480 million years ago (Ordovician Period) Molecular Clock suggests 1 billion years ago (Precambrian). General Characteristics. Primarily terrestrial Filamentous hyphae coenocytic septate mycelium haustoria.

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Fungi

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  1. Fungi

  2. Fungi • First fungi were probably flagellated. • First fossils – 480 million years ago (Ordovician Period) • Molecular Clock suggests 1 billion years ago (Precambrian).

  3. General Characteristics • Primarily terrestrial • Filamentous • hyphae • coenocytic • septate • mycelium • haustoria

  4. Fungal Hyphae

  5. General Characteristics(animal-like) • Heterotrophic • absorption (saprobes) • parasitic • mutualistic • Cell Wall: Chitin • Store sugar as glycogen

  6. Fungal Reproduction • Asexual • haploid spores (conidia/sporangia) • Sexual • plasmogamy (dikaryon) • karyogamy (diploid) • Syngamy (diploid)

  7. Fungal Classification

  8. Fungal Classification

  9. Division: Chytrids • Have flagella • Coenocytic hyphae or unicellular • Cell wall: chitin • Saprobes or parasites • May be most primitive fungi

  10. Division: Zygomycetes

  11. Division: Zygomycota • Coenocytic Fungi • Mostly terrestrial (live on decaying material • Example: Rhizopus (Black bread mold) • Uses: birth control pills, meat tenderizers, margarine coloring

  12. Division: Glomeromycetes • Arbuscular mycorrhizae • Coenocytic Fungi • Mutualistic - associated with plant roots • increases surface area for the absorption of water and nutrients

  13. Division: Ascomycetes

  14. Diviison: Ascomycetes • Septate fungi (sac fungi) • Saprobes, mutualistic • Examples: Dutch Elm Disease, yeasts, truffles, some molds • Uses: pathogens, food, cooking

  15. Imperfect fungi (no sexual cycle) Examples: Penicillium, Aspergillus, Predatory fungi Division: Ascomycetes(Deuteromycota)

  16. Division: Basidiomycetes

  17. Division: Basidiomycetes • Septate Fungi (Club fungi) • Saprobes, parasites, mutualistic • Examples: mushrooms, toadstools, puffballs, shelf fungi, rusts, smuts • Uses: Food

  18. Division: Basidiomycota • Fairy Rings

  19. Lichen • Mutualistic - association with a green algae or cyanobacteria and an ascomycota or basidiomycota • Pioneer organisms

  20. Microsporidia • Are they Fungi? • Parasitic • Loss of organelles • Tiny organelles derived from mitochondria • Cause disease in people with immune deficiency • Used as pest control

  21. Ecological Impacts • Decomposers • Pathogens • Food Production

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