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Introduction to Old French Dialects

Dive into the world of Old French, exploring its diverse dialects from the 9th to 13th centuries. Discover the linguistic nuances that shaped the language's evolution, from affirmative markers to grammatical structures. Uncover the transition from Latin to modern French, witnessing the shift in word order and usage. Learn about the dialectal distinctions of language d'oïl and langue d'oc, each with its unique characteristics and regional influences.

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Introduction to Old French Dialects

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  1. Introduction to Old French Brigitte L.M. Bauer and Jonathan Slocum

  2. Language d’oïl & Langue d’oc • "Old French" refers to a collection of dialects spoken from the 9th through 13th centuries. • it is possible to divide them in two groups: • the dialects spoken in the northern parts of France, to which one refers as language d'oïl • those spoken in the Southern parts, referred to as langue d'oc. Oc and oïl were markers of affirmation ('yes') in the respective dialect groups. • La language d'oïl includes the following dialects • the dialects of Picardie (le Picard), Normandy (le Normand), Ile de France (le Francien), Lorraine (le Lorrain), Anjou (l'Angevin), Poitou (le Poitevin), Bourgundy (le Bourguignon), and Berry (le Berrichon). • La langue d'oc includes the dialects of the following regions • Provence (le provenc/al), Auvergne (l'auvergnat), Gascony (le gascon), and Languedoc (le languedocien).

  3. Grammatical Characteristics • Old French represents an intermediate stage between Latin and the modern language • In OF, use of the subject pronoun is infrequent • OF uses the definite article, though not as frequently as modern French • Negation: ne but no pas • Word order is predominately Subject-Verb-Object

  4. End of Old French • By the end of the 13th century, the dialect of Old French used on the Ile de France predominates. • The language used during the 14th and 15th centuries in France is referred to as Middle French and is much closer to modern French.

  5. Source • Old French Online (https://lrc.la.utexas.edu/eieol/ofrol/00)

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