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Articulation Lecture: Anatomy of Oral Cavity and Tongue

This lecture covers the anatomy of the oral cavity, including the lips, teeth, tongue, palate, hard and soft palate, and mandible. It discusses the different muscles involved in tongue movement and articulation.

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Articulation Lecture: Anatomy of Oral Cavity and Tongue

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  1. ArticulationLecture 11

  2. Oral Cavity • Lips • Teeth • Tongue • Palate • Hard • Soft • Mandible Zemlin, pg 227.

  3. Teeth • Adults have 32 teeth • Many only have 28 • Anatomy of a tooth • Crown • Neck • Root Zemlin, pg 240.

  4. Oral Cavity • Lips • Teeth • Tongue • Palate • Hard • Soft • Mandible Zemlin, pg 227.

  5. Tongue • “The tongue is without doubt the most important and the most active of the articulators”- Zemlin • Alveolar ridge • Just behind front teeth (top) Zemlin, pg 251.

  6. Tongue • 2 parts of the tongue • Blade • Root • 4 parts of the tongue • Tip • Blade: Alveolar ridge • Front: Hard palate • Back: Soft palate Zemlin, pg 251.

  7. Tongue • Intrinsic Muscles • Superior longitudinal: • Most superficial • Longitudinal, oblique fibers • Course anteriorly from the root • Contraction: shorten the tongue, turn tip upward Zemlin, pg 254.

  8. Tongue • Intrinsic Muscles • Inferior longitudinal: • Muscle fibers on the underside of the tongue • Fibers run between genioglossus and hyoglossus fibers • Course anteriorly from the root • Contraction: shorten the tongue, turn tip downward Zemlin, pg 254.

  9. Tongue • Intrinsic Muscles • Transverse: • Fibers course laterally • Contraction: narrow tongue, elongate tongue • Vertical: • Course downward (and laterally) throughout the body of the tongue • Contraction: flattens the tongue Hixon, T.J., et al. (2008). Preclinical Speech Science: Anatomy, Physiology, Acoustics, and Perception.

  10. Tongue • Extrinsic Muscles • Genioglossus: • Forms the bulk of tongue tissue • Strongest/largest extrinsic muscle • Lower fibers: connect to the body of the hyoid • Upper fibers: connect to the root and blade • Contraction: move tongue root forward so tip is against teeth; pull front backward; pull center down Hixon, T.J., et al. (2008). Preclinical Speech Science: Anatomy, Physiology, Acoustics, and Perception.

  11. Tongue • Extrinsic Muscles • Styloglossus: • Connects the styloid process with the tongue • Contraction: draws tongue up and back; can draw sides of tongue upward Hixon, T.J., et al. (2008). Preclinical Speech Science: Anatomy, Physiology, Acoustics, and Perception.

  12. Styloid Process http://antranik.org/geography-of-the-skull/

  13. Tongue • Extrinsic Muscles • Hyoglossus: • Connects greater cornua with the posterior tongue • Contraction: retract/depress tongue; elevate hyoid (phonation) Hixon, T.J., et al. (2008). Preclinical Speech Science: Anatomy, Physiology, Acoustics, and Perception.

  14. Tongue • Extrinsic Muscles • Palatoglossus (glossopalatine): • Connects soft palate with the posterior tongue • Forms anterior faucial pillars • Contraction: lower soft palate; raise back of tongue Hixon, T.J., et al. (2008). Preclinical Speech Science: Anatomy, Physiology, Acoustics, and Perception.

  15. Oral Cavity • Lips • Teeth • Tongue • Palate • Hard • Soft • Mandible Zemlin, pg 227.

  16. Hard Palate • Roof of the mouth/floor of the nasal cavity • Formed by palatine processes of maxilla (upper jaw bone) • Rugae: ridges behind the alveolar ridge • Midline raphe: midline/sulcus in the roof of the mouth Zemlin, pg 264.

  17. Soft Palate • Connects to the posterior portion of the palatine processes • 1/3 of the soft palate is connective tissue • 2 major muscles Zemlin, pg 227.

  18. Soft Palate • Tensor Veli Palatini (Tensor Palati) • Connects the pterygoid plates at one end, and forms the palatal aponeurosis (connects soft and hard palates; “skeleton” of the soft palate) • Contraction: lowers soft palate; opens Eustachian tube http://www.drjimboyd.com/Masticatory_Musculature04.html

  19. Soft Palate Levator Veli Palatini (Lavator Palati) • Bulk of the soft palate • Connects soft palate with petrous bone and Eustachian tube • Contraction: raises soft palate, contacts soft palate and pharyngeal wall (to divide oral and nasal cavities) Zemlin, pg 264. http://imaging.consult.com/image/chapter/Pediatric?title=Temporal%20Bone%20and%20Ear%20%28Pediatric%29&image=fig2&locator=gr2&pii=S1933-0332%2808%2973386-X

  20. Soft Palate • Musculus Uvulae (Azygos Uvulae) • Connects soft palate and uvula • Contraction: raise soft palate • Palatoglossus • Contraction: lower soft palate; raise back of tongue • Palatopharyngeous • Posterior faucial pillars • Main function in swallowing Zemlin, pg 264.

  21. Oral Cavity • Lips • Teeth • Tongue • Palate • Hard • Soft • Mandible Zemlin, pg 227.

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