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World War 2

World War 2. Ambitious Advances and Bloody Battles. Rise of Totalitarian Regimes. By 1930s totalitarian regimes emerged in Russia, Italy, Germany, Japan All four wanted to expand territory & power in their sphere. Hitler Learns Lessons.

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World War 2

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  1. World War 2 Ambitious Advances and Bloody Battles

  2. Rise of Totalitarian Regimes • By 1930s totalitarian regimes emerged in Russia, Italy, Germany, Japan • All four wanted to expand territory & power in their sphere

  3. Hitler Learns Lessons • Japan-1931 invaded & took over Manchuria; League of Nations condemned Japan but did nothing else. 1937 invaded China for valuable ports • Italy-1935 Mussolini invaded & took over Ethiopia; League of Nations sanctioned (stop trade), but sanction was ineffective

  4. Hitler Learns Lessons • Germany-Hitler sees League of Nations do nothing to stop them • In 1936, Spain had Civil War between Fascist Francisco Franco & Spanish who wanted democracy; Germany assisted Franco & used war as opportunity to “practice” air-raid bombings

  5. Vehemently Violating Versailles • Hitler wanted lebensraum (living space) for Germans • March 1936 moves troops into Rhineland • March 1938 invades Austria & makes it part of Germany • Western countries & League of Nations do nothing (appeasement—agreeing to demands to avoid war)

  6. Salivating over the Sudetenland • Germans were living in part of Czechoslovakia, so Hitler demands Sudetenland • Sept 1938 Munich Conference—compromise reached: Germany takes Sudetenland, but no more

  7. Salivating over the Sudetenland • British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain says Europe has avoided war (but he’s wrong) • March 1939 Hitler breaks Munich Agreement & takes all of Czechoslovakia

  8. Enemies Become Allies?? • Stalin & Hitler do not like each other; Stalin has warned West about Hitler, but West does not trust Stalin either, SO… • August 1939-Nazi- Soviet Pact—USSR will not attack Germany & will divide Poland

  9. World War 2 Begins • Sept 1, 1939—Germany invades Poland • Sept 3, 1939—England & France declare war on Germany, but do not fight Germany for 8 months (time period known as Phony War)

  10. World War 2 Begins • Blitzkrieg-“lightening war”-fast, efficient attacks used by Germans; quickly take Poland, Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, Finland, Denmark, Norway • West slow to arm, have old weapons; Hitler has new weapons • Chamberlain resigns; Winston Churchill becomes Prime Minister

  11. Fall of France • French built Maginot Line after WW1, but had gap near Belgium • June 1940— Germans go around Maginot Line & take Paris

  12. Fall of France • France split: • Nazis occupy northern France • Hitler creates Vichy government in South France (French leaders who work with Nazis) • Free France—rebels led by Charles de Gaulle fought Nazis from England

  13. Battle of Britain • England only allied country left; Hitler felt would surrender • German air force bombed England for 8 straight months; England held off Germans

  14. Hitler Turns on Stalin • Hitler felt USSR would provide enough living space for Germans; led surprise attack in June 1941 & pushed close to Moscow; but… • Stalin used scorched- earth policy to stop Germans; USSR counter- attacked

  15. Meanwhile... • July 1940-Italy declared war on England & France; attacked Egypt • Dec 1941-Japan attacked Indochina. US responded to attack by banning sale of scrap iron to Japan

  16. Pearl Harbor • Japan mad at US for interfering with expansion • Dec 7, 1941—Japan bombed Pearl Harbor (Hawaii); US declared war on Japan

  17. 1942-Tide Turns • Battle of the Atlantic—Allied forces defeat Axis submarines & battleships • Stalingrad—German army was held & forced to surrender to Russians • El Alamein, Egypt- Allies defeated Rommel’s desert forces in North Africa

  18. Invading Italy • July 1943—Allies attack Italy • Italian king Victor Emmanuel III had Mussolini jailed; Italy surrendered

  19. V-E Day • D-Day—June 6, 1944—Allies invaded Nazi-held France at Normandy & marched towards Germany

  20. V-E Day • Soviets attacked Germany from east; fought to Berlin by April 1945 • May 7, 1945- V-E Day (Victory in Europe) • Germany surrenders

  21. Map #1: Ambitious Advances • With 1 color, identify Axis expansion and Axis military victories; with another color identify Allied advances and military victories • Create a key that explains your symbols & color code • Identify, date, and label the following: invasions of Rhineland, Austria, Sudetenland, Czechoslovakia, Poland, & Eastern Europe; Attacks on France, England, & Russia

  22. Map #2: Allied Counter-Strike • With 1 color, identify Axis expansion and Axis military victories; with another color identify Allied advances and military victories • Create a key that explains your symbols & color code • Identify, date, and label the following: Battle of the Atlantic, Stalingrad, El Alamein, invasion of Italy, invasion of Normandy & push to Germany, Soviet push to Berlin in east

  23. Below Preview, respond to Review: • Create an image that reflects the overall importance of the following: • Sudetenland • Munich Conference • Blitzkrieg • Phony War • D-Day

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