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How did the Civil War Begin and What Political Issues arose during the War?

Learn how the American Civil War began with the attack on Fort Sumter, the advantages of the Union and Confederacy, key battles, and the evolving political issues like the Emancipation Proclamation and dissent on both sides.

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How did the Civil War Begin and What Political Issues arose during the War?

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  1. How did the Civil War Begin and What Political Issues arose during the War? U.S. History & Govt. 5 January 2020

  2. How Did the Civil War Begin? • Attack on Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor by Confederacy in March 1861 • Lincoln decided to go to war after that • Virginia and other three slave states joined the confederacy as the war begin. • Only four slave states – Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky and Missouri – remained in the union.

  3. Advantages and Disadvantages of Both Sides Union Advantages Confederate Advantages Better Generals Better Soldiers Defending home ground • More people • More Factories • More food production • Better railroads • A skilled and determined leader – Abraham Lincoln

  4. Northern Plan for Victory • Both sides expected a short glorious war • North had a three part plan – Anaconda Plan • To blockade southern ports in order to keep out supplies • To split the confederacy in half at Mississippi • To capture Confederate Capital Richmond • Confederates won the first battle – Bull Run – led by General Stonewall Jackson.

  5. Some Early Battles & Weapons • General George McClellan was Union Commander in the East • General Ulysses S. Grant became Western Commander • He captured some confederate forts in Tennessee and won the battle of Shiloh • Union Navy was commanded by David Farragut, who captured New Orleans • Ironclad warships were introduced • New Rifles made trenches necessary.

  6. The War of the Capitals • The Eastern Army of the Union in 1862 Marched towards Richmond, but was defeated by General Robert E. Lee • In August 1862 Lee’s army won another battle at Bull Run • Lee’s Army then entered Maryland by crossing Potomac. • He was finally defeated at the battle of Antietam

  7. Political Issues of the War • Britain Remained Neutral • British did not support the confederates because they had enough supply of cotton • Trent affairs almost caused Britain to declare war against Union, but it was solved diplomatically.

  8. Political Issues of the War • Emancipation Proclamation • January 1, 1863 Lincoln issued emancipation proclamation after tremendous pressure. • Moral Purpose to the war • Not everyone was happy • The door to compromise was closed for ever.

  9. Political Issues of the War • Political Problems • Dissents on both sides • Both Presidents suspended Habeas Corpus • Copperhead politicians were arrested in the North • Desertions on both sides • Conscription was used to gain more soldiers • Riots by those who resisted conscription

  10. Homework • Questions 1, 2 & 3 ON PAGE 350.

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