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Blood Typing

Blood Typing. Health Occupations. Key Terms. Antigens: foreign object, pathogen Antibodies: proteins secreted by lymphocytes Antibodies bond with antigens = lock and key phenomenon Antigen = lock antibody = key. Blood Type Inherited. Each person inherits 2 genes. Dominant genes

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Blood Typing

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  1. Blood Typing Health Occupations

  2. Key Terms • Antigens: foreign object, pathogen • Antibodies: proteins secreted by lymphocytes • Antibodies bond with antigens = lock and key phenomenon Antigen = lock antibody = key

  3. Blood Type Inherited • Each person inherits 2 genes. • Dominant genes • Are A and B • Shown as “I” • EX: • Recessive genes • O • Shown as “i” • Ex:

  4. Punnett Square

  5. 4 Blood Types • Blood type is determined by antigens on the surface of RBC • A • Only A antigens • B • Only B antigens • AB • Both A and B antigens • O • Neither A or B antigens

  6. Your immune system has a tolerance against it own antigens. (you like your own antigens) EX: Antigen A type A blood. It will NOT form anti-A antibodies.

  7. Complete the table showing which blood can be safely transfused from the donor to recipient. Recipient D O N O R

  8. Transfusions • Need to mix serum of the patient with the blood cells of the donor. • If Type A gets matched with Type B then antibodies will clump together • If this test is not done hemolysis (rupture of blood cells) can occur

  9. Blood • Type O Blood • Universal donor • Because it lacks A and B antigens • Type AB Blood • Universal recipients because they lack anti-A and anti-B antibodies. • (they won’t attack new blood coming in)

  10. Rh Factor Antigen • Found in RBC • Rh- : people who do not have antigens on RBC • Rh+ : people who do have the antigen on RBC • About 85% of Americans are Rh+ • If RH + blood is given to Rh- then the body thinks it is an invading pathogen and starts to form antibodies for the lock and key

  11. Rh Factor Health Concerns • When an Rh- mother delivers an Rh+ baby, some of the baby’s blood may contact the blood of the mother • The mother’s blood then forms antibodies against Rh+ RBC • If the mother has another Rh+ pregnancy the antibodies will attack the baby’s blood causing erythroblastosisfetalis.

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