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Temperature and Heat

Temperature and Heat. Temperature. Definition: Temperature is a measure of an object’s kinetic energy. Thermometers and temperature probes measure temperature. Celsius o C = ( o F-32) x 5/9 Fahrenheit o F = o C (9/5) + 32 Kelvin K= o C + 32. Heat. Why do objects feel hot or cold?

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Temperature and Heat

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  1. Temperature and Heat

  2. Temperature • Definition: Temperature is a measure of an object’s kinetic energy. • Thermometers and temperature probes measure temperature. • Celsius • oC= (oF-32) x 5/9 • Fahrenheit • oF= oC(9/5) + 32 • Kelvin • K= oC + 32

  3. Heat • Why do objects feel hot or cold? • Not really. “Hot” is the feeling when an object has heat and the heat is being transferred to you and “cold” is the feeling when heat is leaving you. • Definition: heat is the transfer of energy from due to a difference in temperature. • Heat is always transferred from objects with more kinetic energy to less kinetic energy (higher temperature to lower temperature).

  4. Practice Converting • Convert the boiling point of hydrogen -252.87o C to o F. • Convert the melting point of gold, 1064o C to Kelvin. • Convert the boiling point of water, 212o F to Celsius. -423.17o F 1337 K 100o C

  5. Energy Transfer • Conduction- • The transfer of energy as heat between particles as they collide (touch). • Convection- • The transfer of energy as heat by the movement of fluids (gases and liquids) • Radiation- • The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves (IR, UV, visible light)

  6. Practice • A pan on top of a gas stove set on high. • Boiling water, where you can see steam rising. • Picking up a hot chocolate mug. • Setting your hands close to a hot chocolate mug, but not touching it. • Drinking the hot chocolate, your throat gets warmer. • The sun is warming your face. conduction convection conduction convection conduction radiation

  7. Comparing Conductors Insulators A material that is a poor conductor. Styrofoam Plastic Liquids/Gases Are better than solids. • A material through which heat is transferred. • Metals! • Iron • Copper • Nickel • Brass • Solids • Better than liquids/gases

  8. Solids, Liquids, Gases • Solids • Atoms are very close together. Transfer of energy by conduction happens very quickly. • Liquids • Atoms are fairly close together. Transfer of energy doesn’t happen quite as quickly. • Gases • Atoms are very far apart.

  9. Comparing Insulators Lab! • Scientific Method • 1. Background Research • 2. Pose a problem or question • 3. Make a hypothesis • 4. Collect Data through an experiment • 5. Analyze Data • 6. Make conclusions

  10. Background/problem/hypothesis • 1. What do you know about insulators and conductors? • 2. Problem or Question: Which type of material will make the best insulator. • 3. The ______________ will be the best insulator because……….

  11. Data Table

  12. Home Heating and Cooling • What steps do you take at home to insure that your house is efficient at staying warm in the winter? • What steps do you take at home to insure that your house is efficient at staying cool in the summer? • What would be the ramifications if you didn’t think about these things or take these precautions?

  13. Do you know how….. • To read an electric bill? • To read a gas bill?

  14. Hypothermia and Frostbite • What do you know about hypothermia? • What do you know about frostbite? • What are the signs and symptoms, causes, and self-care/first aid?

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