Kingdoms & Domains Chapter 18-3

1. Kingdoms & DomainsChapter 18-3 http://analyzer.depaul.edu/astrobiology/kingdoms.jpg

2. As we discovered more about the natural world… plant animal not all organisms fit into Linnaeus’s 2 kingdoms (_____ or _____) fungi bacteria Ex: _________ _____ Images from: http://www.leighday.co.uk/upload/public/docImages/6/Listeria%20bacteria.jpg http://danny.oz.au/travel/iceland/p/3571-fungi.jpg

3. FIVE ORIGINAL KINGDOMS _______________________ (BACTERIA) http://analyzer.depaul.edu/astrobiology/kingdoms.jpg

4. As we learned more about bacteria, the __________ kingdom was split into TWO distinct kingdoms ___________ & ______________ MONERA Eubacteria Archaebacteria 6 KINGDOMS used today Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia

5. THREE-DOMAIN system Molecular analyses have given rise to a ___________ _______ now recognized = _______ new taxonomic category DOMAIN

6. Bacteria Archaea Eukarya Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia Domains are larger than Kingdoms and are based on the kind of ____________ an organism has. Ribosomal RNA

7. 6 Kingdom System Animalia Protista Fungi Plantae Archaebacteria Eubacteria Kidspiration by Riedell

8. Cell without a nucleus = ____________(Includes bacteria) Cell with a nucleus and organelles surrounded by membranes = _________________ (includes plants and animals) Organism that can make its own food using photosynthesis or chemosynthesis = ______________ Organism that gets food energy from consuming other organisms = _____________ PROKARYOTE REMEMBER EUKARYOTE AUTOTROPH HETEROTROPH

9. A ONE-CELLED organism = _____________________ Organism made of many cells = ______________ Polysaccharide made by joining glucose molecules together which makes plants sturdy = _________________ UNICELLULAR REMEMBER MULTICELLULAR CELLULOSE http://bioweb.wku.edu/courses/Biol115/Wyatt/default.htm

10. DOMAIN: BACTERIAKINGDOM: EUBACTERIA _______________________ ______________________ Have cell walls with ________________ Can be ____________ or ______________ EXAMPLES: _____________________ PROKARYOTES UNICELLULAR PEPTIDOGLYCAN AUTOTROPHS HETEROTROPHS E. coli, Streptococcus http://chemiris.chem.binghamton.edu/ZHONG/research/bacteria3.jpg

11. Polymer made of sugars and amino acids found outside the cell membrane in the cell wall in some bacteria = ______________ PEPTIDOGLYCAN http://www.scq.ubc.ca/?p=481

12. DOMAIN: ARCHAEAKINGDOM: ARCHAEBACTERIA PROKARYOTES UNICELLULAR _________________ _________________ Have cell walls _________ peptidoglycan Can be ___________ or ______________ EXAMPLES: _____________________ LIVE IN EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS like volcanic hot springs, brine pools, low oxygen WITHOUT AUTOTROPHS HETEROTROPHS Halophiles; thermophiles;

13. http://www.teara.govt.nz/NR/rdonlyres/737B7002-C31D-418D-84C5-D0E68ED87BBB/134228/hero6483.jpghttp://www.teara.govt.nz/NR/rdonlyres/737B7002-C31D-418D-84C5-D0E68ED87BBB/134228/hero6483.jpg THERMOPHILES Organisms that can live in HIGH temperature environments = ________________ Organisms that can live in high salt environments = ______________ HALOPHILES http://web0.greatbasin.net/~wigand/petespaleo/Columbus%20Salt%20Marsh.jpg

14. DOMAIN: EUKARYAKINGDOM: PLANTAE _______________________ ______________________ Have cell walls with ________________ and _____________ _________________ EXAMPLES: _____________________ EUKARYOTES MULTICELLULAR CELLULOSE CHLOROPLASTS AUTOTROPHS Mosses, ferns, trees, flowering plants http://www.russianflora.com/store/images/product/custom_green_plant_35.jpg

15. http://www.millan.net  DOMAIN: EUKARYAKINGDOM: ANIMALIA _______________________ _____________________ ________________ or _______________ __________________ EXAMPLES: _____________________ EUKARYOTES MULTICELLULAR NO CELL WALLS CHLOROPLASTS HETEROTROPHS Worms, insects, fish, birds, mammals, humans

16. DOMAIN: EUKARYAKINGDOM: FUNGI _______________________ ______________________ Have cell walls with ________________ _______________ __________________________________ _______________________ EXAMPLES: _____________________ EUKARYOTES Most MULTICELLULAR; few UNICELLULAR CHITIN HETEROTROPHS- absorb nutrients from decaying organic matter Mushrooms, yeast http://www.ontarionature.org/home/images/mushrooms.jpg

17. DOMAIN: EUKARYAKINGDOM: PROTISTA _______________________ ______________________ Some have cell walls with ________________ ____________________ Can be _____________ or _____________ EXAMPLES: _____________________ EUKARYOTES Most UNICELLULAR; some colonial/multi CELLULOSE Some have chloroplasts AUTOTROPHS HETEROTROPHS Amoeba; Paramecium; Giant kelp; slime mold http://www.ravelgrane.com/pix/proj/draco/paramecium-nahrung.gif

18. Figure 18-12 Key Characteristics of Kingdoms and Domains Section 18-3 Classification of Living Things DOMAIN KINGDOM CELL TYPE CELL STRUCTURES NUMBER OF CELLS MODE OF NUTRITION EXAMPLES Bacteria ____________ Prokaryote Cell walls with peptidoglycan Unicellular Autotroph or heterotroph Streptococcus, Escherichia coli Archaea Archaebacteria Prokaryote Cell walls without peptidoglycan _____________ Autotroph or heterotroph Methanogens, halophiles Protista Eukaryote Cell walls of cellulose in some; some have chloroplasts Most unicellular; some colonial; some multicellular __________________________ Amoeba, Paramecium, slime molds, giant kelp Fungi Eukaryote ______________________ Most multicellular; some unicellular Heterotroph Mushrooms, yeasts Eukarya Plantae Eukaryote Cell walls of cellulose; chloroplasts ___________ ___________ Mosses, ferns, flowering plants Animalia ____________ No cell walls or chloroplasts ____________ ____________ Sponges, worms, insects, fishes, mammals Eubacteria Eukaryote Cell walls of chitin Multicellular Multicellular Unicellular Autotroph or Heterotroph Autotroph Heterotroph

19. Figure 18-13 Cladogram of Six Kingdoms and Three Domains Section 18-3 DOMAIN ARCHAEA DOMAIN EUKARYA Kingdoms Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia DOMAIN BACTERIA